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vtt 214 - lab animal > final lab practical > Flashcards

final lab practical Flashcards

1
Q

how to collect fungassay sample

A
  1. clean site (lay alcohol soaked gauze over site, remove and let air dry)
  2. use hemostat to remove larger debris from edge of lesion
  3. trim off piece and make fine shavings with a scalpel
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2
Q

how to culture fungassay sample

A

inoculation: flame loop, collect sample, transfer to agar (do not bury or close lid completely to allow airflow)

incubation: room temp, monitor everyday for growth

interpretation: 2-3 days agar color change is complete; dermatophytes induce fast color changing and colonies will be small

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3
Q

how to make fungassasy slide from culture

A
  1. 1-2 drops pf stain on slide
  2. flame wire loop
  3. use loop to remove growth from culture
  4. mix with stain
  5. place cover slip
  6. 10X or 40X to look on edges of clumps
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4
Q

microsporum canis

A

zoonotic
dermatophyte

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5
Q

microsporum gypseum

A

zoonotic
dermatophyte

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6
Q

trichophyton mentagrophytes

A

zoonotic
dermatophyte

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7
Q

fusarium

A

contaminant

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8
Q

alternaria

A

contaminant

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9
Q

penicillium

A

contaminant

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10
Q

rhizopus

A

contaminant

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11
Q

aspergillus fumigatus

A

contaminant

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12
Q

yeast

A

contaminant

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13
Q

conidia

A

an asexual spore

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14
Q

hyphae

A

filaments that compose the body of a fungus

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15
Q

mycelium

A

a mat made up of intertwining, thread-like hyphae

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16
Q

dermatomycosis

A

skin disease caused by fungus

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17
Q

fungal media

A

sabouraud dextrose agar
phenol red added

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18
Q

dermatophyte color

A
  • white, cream or tan colonies
  • flat
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19
Q

contaminant color

A
  • black, green, pink, not white
  • fluffy, tall growths
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20
Q

calculating maximum ml of blood taken with survival

A

wt in grams x 0.01 = max ml

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21
Q

bleeding sites for birds

A
  • jugular (right is bigger)
  • ulnar
  • medial metatarsal
  • skin prick (least acceptable)
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22
Q

injection sites for birds

A

PO (into crop)
IM (pectoral muscles)
IV (jugular, metatarsal)
IO (distal ulna)

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23
Q

bleeding sites for rabbits

A

IC
marginal ear vein
central ear artery
lateral saphenous
jugular
cephalic

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24
Q

injection sites for rabbits

A

IV (marginal ear, cephalic)
PO (placed in diastema)
SQ (avoid neck)
IM (caudal thigh, paralumbar)
IP (head tilted down, lower left)

25
Q

bleeding sites for guinea pigs

A

saphenous
femoral blind stick
cranial vena cava
IC

26
Q

injection sites for guinea pigs

A

SQ
IM (anterior leg muscles)
IP (head down, lower left)
IV (marginal ear, sublingual, dorsal penile)
PO

27
Q

identification methods for mice

A

ear punch
ear clip
tattoo

28
Q

identification methods for rats

A

ear punch
tattoo

29
Q

identification methods for hamsters

A

ear punch
ear tag
tattoo

30
Q

identification methods for gerbils

A

ear punch
ear tag
tattoo

31
Q

identification methods for birds

A

leg band
wing band
wing clip
tattoo

32
Q

identification methods for reptiles and amphibians

A

PIT tag
beads

33
Q

identification methods for guinea pigs

A

ear tag
ear notch
tattoo

34
Q

identification methods for non-human primates

35
Q

identification methods for rabbits

A

ear clip
tattoo in inner ear

36
Q

identification methods for ferrets

37
Q

housing (and behavior) for mice

A

crepuscular
males individual, females in groups

38
Q

housing (and behavior) for rats

A

nocturnal
males together, females together

39
Q

housing (and behavior) for hamsters

A

nocturnal
- house individually
- solid bottom (shoebox cage)
- hibernate at low temps
- calcium carbonate

40
Q

housing (and behavior) for gerbils

A

diurnal
- do not grab tail
- little urination and defecation
- less cleaning needed

41
Q

housing (and behavior) for birds

A

twice length of wingspan or tail length
small bathtub
perches
water
cover nightly
hide boxes

42
Q

housing (and behavior) for R+A

A

POTZ
UVA UVB
hides
water
substrates

43
Q

housing (and behavior) for guinea pigs

A

diurnal
males separate, females together

44
Q

housing (and behavior) for non-human primates

A

mechanical - squeeze cages for restraint

45
Q

housing (and behavior) for rabbits

A

crepuscular
ventilated on all sides
extra cooling
urine scale
nest box, hay, straw
litterbox trainable

46
Q

housing (and behavior) for ferrets

A

narrow wire spacing
solid bottom floor
well ventilated
prone to heat stroke and hairballs

47
Q

TPR for rabbit

A

T: 101-104 F
P: 300 bpm
R: 32-60 rpm

48
Q

TPR for bird

A

T:105
P: 150-200
R: 15-60

49
Q

TPR for guinea pigs

A

T: 99-103 F
P: 230-380 bpm
R: 42-104 rpm

50
Q

how to recognize a sick bird

A

unkept feathers, drooping posture/unsteadiness, decreased activity level, beak overgrowth, tail bobbing, not eating

51
Q

how to recognize a sick rabbit

A

eyes/nose
ears/skin
behavior
teeth
GI

52
Q

how to recognize a sick guinea pig

A

eyes
nose
ears
skin
behavior
teeth
GI

53
Q

rabbit, bird, GP anatomy

54
Q

fungal ID

55
Q

hematology ID

56
Q

parasite stations

57
Q

sexing a rabbit and GP

58
Q

rabbit restraint

vtt 214 - lab animal (33 decks)

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