pt 13 (housing and care) Flashcards
name 4-6 things that should be considered when selecting or designing a cage
- secure
- comfortable
- access to food and water
- permit observation w/o opening
- sanitary and safe
- laterally ventilated
name 3 materials commonly used to build lab cages
stainless steel
polycarbonate
galvanized steel
glass
wood
what is the best material for building cat cages
stainless steel
most commonly used cage for small rodents
shoebox
what is a squeeze cage and what animal might be used with it
any cage which can be reduced in size to immobilize an animal; primates, large animals, cats and dogs
metabolism cage
designed to collect all excreta including urine and feces
gang cage
walk-in enclosures for housing a large group of animals
isolation cage
barrier systems used to rear axenic or pathogen free animals
transport cage
securely move animals from one area to another
exercise cage
may contain a rotating wheel for rodents; enrichment
how do you know what size cage you need when ordering or designing cages for a particular species
established by USDA and ILAR depending on species, animal size, and behavioral needs
cage rack
used to hold large numbers of cages to easily move for cleaning
2 types of cage washers
tunnel
cabinet
what temp should the detergent solution of a cage washer be
180 F
sanitizer
an agent which reduces the number of bacteria to levels prescribed by public health rules
how are cages for COBS animals cleaned
kept in disposable cages or in caged that can be autoclaved to sterilize them
3 watering devices commonly used for lab animals
bottles
bowls
automatic watering devices
what should you do when refilling water bottles or bowls
return to same cage it came from
how often do automatic watering systems need to be checked
daily
direct bedding
indicates contact with the animal
indirect bedding
no contact with the animal and is usually under cage
6 characteristics of good bedding material for lab animals
- availability
- non-nutritive
- absorbent
- non-toxic
- comfortable
- disposable
major disadvantage to cedar chips
stain
cause dermatitis
lung problems
liver damage
major disadvantage to inorganic earth
cannot be burned
optimum temp for rodent room
64-79 F
temp for rabbits
colder; 61-72 F
the relative humidity in animals rooms should be
45-55%
what is the minimum airflow for animal rooms
15 air changes/hour
lateral ventilation
air flows into other cages carrying disease and bacteria
hydrothermograph
records temp and humidity continually
nestlet
type of bedding
forms of enrichment
toys
bedding
social groups
music, movies
exercise and training
per diem
a charge for daily maintenance of animals paid by the researcher to the facility
traffic pattern for lab animal housing
move clean to dirty areas
endemic
disease, always present, affects a small, controlled population in a geographic area
epizootic
disease that affects a large number of individuals within a population
epidemic
A widespread outbreak of an infectious disease
enzootic
contagious disease that affects some individuals within a population
fomite
inanimate object that can serve as a resting place for disease microorganisms
mechanical vector
an organism transmits a pathogenic disease simply by carrying it; fly
biological vector
an organism in which the pathogenic organism undergoes part of its lifecycle; bite from tick
what disinfectant is toxic to cats
phenols
2 disadvantages of chlorine compounds as disinfectants
- extremely corrosive
- inactivated by organic material
which disinfectant would be good to use in footpaths which are expected to accumulate organic matter from footwear
phenols
most commonly used animal room disinfectant
quaternary ammonium compounds
2 types of disinfectants effective against both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses? which is harder to kill?
- peroxides
- chlorine compounds
- enveloped harder to kill
what are the common pests found in lab animal facilities
cockroaches
grain and flour beetles
1 insecticide with a residual effect and 1 non-residual insecticide used in labs
boric acid
pyrethrins
3-4 ways to control roaches and beetles without use of insecticides
- sanitation
- food sealed
- seal cracks
- keep dry
- traps
acids are needed to clean cages of which 2 common lab species
rabbits and hamsters
