Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

nurs 252 > psychotherapeutic drugs > Flashcards

psychotherapeutic drugs Flashcards

1
Q

three mental health disorders

A

anxiety, affective disorders, psychotic disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

psychotherapeutic drugs

A

treats emotional and mental disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

types of psychotherapeutic drugs

A

anxiolytic drugs
mood stabilizing drugs
antidepressants
antipsychotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

anxiety

A

unpleasant state of mind characterized by dread or fear
based on anticipated or past experiences
may be an exaggerated response to imaginary negative experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

affective disorders

A
  • mood disorders
  • changes in mood from mania to depression
  • some pts have mania and depression (BPD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

psychosis

A

severe emotional disorder where they cant participate in ADL
ex- schizophrenia, drug induced psychoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

hallmark

A

loss of contact with reality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

anxiolytic drugs

A
  • reduces overactivity in CNS
  • benzodiazepine (depresses activity in brainstem and limbic system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

ex of benzodiazepines

A

-alprazolam (xanax)
- diazepam (valium)
- lorazepam (ativan)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

benzodiazepine adverse effects

A
  • decreased DNA activity, sedation, amnesia
  • hypotension
  • drowsiness, loss of coordination, dizziness, headaches
  • nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

benzodiazepine overdose

A
  • dangerous when taken with alc or other sedatives
  • treatment is symptomatic
  • flumazenil can reverse effects
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

benzodiazepine interactions

A
  • alcohol and CNS depressants
  • interactions more likely in pts with renal or hepatic compromise
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

alprazolam (xanax)

A
  • most common
  • for GAD, short term relief of anxiety symptoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

alprazolam adverse effects

A
  • confusion, ataxia, headache others
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

alprazolam interactions

A
  • alcohol, antacids, oral contraceptives
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

diazepam (valium) indications

A

relief of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, reversal of staus epilepticus, pre op sedation, relief of skeletal muscle spasms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

avoid diazepam in pts with

A

hepatic dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

diazepam adverse reactions

A

headache, confusion, slurred speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

diazepam interactions

A

alcohol, oral contraceptives
- asian ppl metabolize slower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

lorazepam (ativan)

A

intermediate acting benzo
- IV or IM
- treatment of acutely agitated pt
- continuous for pts undergoing mechanical ventilation
- treat alcohol withdrawal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

micellaneous anxiolytic

A

busprione hcl
- scheduled basis
- adverse effects: paradoxical anxiety, blurred vision, dizzines, headache, nausea
- dont take with MAOIs (need washout period)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

mood stabilizing drug ex

A
  • lithium carbonate and lithium citrate
  • treats BPD
  • can be combined with benzos or antipsychotic drugs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

lithium

A
  • treats mania
  • potentiate serotonergic neurotransmission
  • narrow therapeutic range (needs blood monitoring_
  • sodium should be 135-145 mmol/L to maintain therapeutic range of lithium. (lithium can become toxic in hyponatremia)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

lithium adverse effects

A
  • cardiac dysrhythmias
  • drowsy, slurred speech, choreoathetotic movements
  • long term can cause hypothyroidism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

first gen antidepressants

A
  • tricyclics and MAOIs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

second gen antidepressants

A
  • SSRIs
    -serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

tricyclic antidepressants

A
  • replaced by SSRIs
  • for pts who dont respond to SSRIs and as adjunct therapy with new gen drugs
  • amitriptyline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

tricyclic antidepressant indications

A

neuropathic pain
migraines
insomnia
childhood enuresis
OCD
anorexia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

tricyclic adverse effects

A

sedation
impotence
orthostatic hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

tricyclic overdose

A

-lethal
-CNS and cardiovascular systems effected
-death from seizure or dysrhythmias
- no specific antidote but can decrease absorption with activated charcoal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

amitriptyline (elavil)

A
  • oldest and most widely used
  • for depression
  • commonly used to treat insomnia and neuropathic pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

amitriptyline contraindications

A
  • known allergy
  • pregnancy
  • recent myocardial infarction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

amitriptyline adverse effects

A

dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, urinary retention, dysrhythmias

34
Q

nonselective MAOIs

A

phenelzine sulphate and tranylcypromine sulphate

35
Q

selective MAOIs

A

selegiline hcl

36
Q

MAOIs are rarely used for

A

depression. used for parkinsons

37
Q

MAOIs disadvantages

A

potential to cause hypertensive crisis when taking tyramine

38
Q

MAOIs and tyramine

A
  • ingestion of food or drinks with tyramine leads to hypertensive crisis and can lead to stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, coma or death
  • avoid foods with tyramine
39
Q

foods containing tyramine

A

-aged cheese
- smoked, pickled, aged meats fish or poultry
- yeast extracts
- red wines
- italian broad beans (fava beans)

40
Q

second generation antidepressants

A

bupropion (Wllbutrin)
SNRI- duloxetine hcl (cymbalta)
SSRI- fluoxetine (prozac)

41
Q

second generation antidepressant indications

A
  • depression
  • BPD, obesity, eating disorders, OCD, panic attacks, SAD, PTSD, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, myoclonus, alcoholism
42
Q

second generation antidepressant adverse effects

A

insomnia, weight gain, sexual dysfunction
- watch for serotonin syndrome

43
Q

serontonin syndrome

A
  • reaction to SSRI or SNRIs
  • symptoms= delirium, tachycardia, sweating, muscle spasms, hyper reflexes, shivering
  • discontinue drug to treat
44
Q

bupropion hcl

A
  • indicated for depression and smoking cessation
  • adjuct for pts experiencing sexual adverse effects secondary to SSRI therapy
  • Zyban ( first nicotine free prescription med used to treat dependence).
45
Q

duloxetine hcl indications

A
  • for depression, GAD, peripheral neuropathy, chronic back pain, osteoarthritis
46
Q

duloxetine hcl adverse effects

A
  • dizziness, drowsiness, headache, GI upset, anorexia, hepatotoxicity
47
Q

duloxetine interactions

A

SSRIs and triptans (increased risk of serotonin synd)
alcohol (increased liver injury)
worsen glaucoma

48
Q

fluoxetine (prozac) indications

A

SSRI
for depression, bulimia, OCD, panic disorder, premenstural dysphoric disorder

49
Q

fluoxetine CI

A

MAOI therapy and allergy

50
Q

fluoxetine adverse effects

A

anxiety, dizziness, drowsiness, insomnia

51
Q

antipsychotics

A
  • treats serious mental illness like drug induced psychosis, schizophrenia, autism
  • treats extreme mania, BPD, movement disorders, other medical conditions
52
Q

first gen antipsychotic ex

A

haloperidol

53
Q

atypical antipsychotics

A

clozapine and resperidone

54
Q

antipsychotic MOA

A
  • block dopamine receptors in areas responsible for emotion, cognitive and motor function
  • results in tranquilizing effect
55
Q

positive schizophrenia sympt

A

hallucinations, delusions, conceptual disorganization

56
Q

neg schizo sympt

A

apathy, social withdrawal, blunted effect, poverty of speech, catatonia

57
Q

antipsychotics improve ___ effects of schizophrenia

A

positive

58
Q

atypical antipsychotics treat ____ symptoms

A

postive and negative

59
Q

antipsychotic indications

A
  • psychotic illness (schizo), anxiety, mood disorders
  • prochlorperazine (antiemetic)
60
Q

antiphsychotic adverse effects

A

agranulocytosis and hemolytic anemia
- CNS effects; drowsiness, NMS, EPS, tardive dyskinesia
- insulin resistance
-weight gain
changes in serum lipid
cardiometabolic syndrome

61
Q

NMS

A

neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- life threatening
- high fever, unstable BP, myoglobinemia

62
Q

EPS

A
  • extrapyramidal symptoms
  • similar to parkinson mvmt
  • akathisia
  • acute dystonia
63
Q

EPS treatment

A

benztropine and trihexphenidyl

64
Q

tardive dyskinesia

A
  • involuntary contractions of oral and facial muscles
  • choreoathetosis
  • with long term psychotherapeutic therapy
65
Q

haloperidol

A
  • long term treatment of psychosis
  • CI= parkinsons, large amounts of CNS depressants
  • PO and IM
  • good for ppl with schizophrenia that were nonadherent
66
Q

atypical antipsychotics

A

clozapine and risperidone

67
Q

clozapine

A
  • blocks dopamine receptors in mesolimbic region in brain
  • minor to no EPS
  • AE= blood dyscrasias
68
Q

risperidone

A
  • for schizophrenia
  • AE= minimal EPS
    PO and long acting inject
69
Q

st johns wort

A
  • for depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, nervousness
  • GI upset, fatigue, photosensitivity, dry mouth, confusion, dizziness
  • severe interactions with SSRI and MAOIs
  • interacts with tyramine containing foods
70
Q

why do you check pts mouth after PO meds

A

make sure they swallowed and arent saving them

71
Q

why small amounts of meds admin at once

A

reduce suicide risk

72
Q

using these drugs with ___ and ___ can be fatal

A

alcohol and CNS depressants

73
Q

antianxiety and older adults

A

monitor for oversedation and CNS depress

74
Q

antidepressant therapeutic onset

A

several weeks

75
Q

antidepressants and interactions with anaesthetic drugs

A

tricyclics may be weaned and discontinued before surgery

76
Q

when MAOIs are given, inform pt about

A

tyramine containing foods and symptoms of hypertensive crisis

77
Q

antipsychotic- phenothiazine considerations

A
  • wear sunscreen bc of photosensitivity
  • avoid antacids within 1 hr of dose
  • avoid CNS depress, alc, sauna and hot tubs
78
Q

long term haloperidol use

A

tremors, nausea, vomiting shaking

79
Q

therapeutic effects of lithium

A

less mania and lithium levels of 0.6-1.2 mmol/L

80
Q

SSRIs take ___ weeks to work

A

4-6

nurs 252 (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions