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nurs 252 > Adrenergic drugs > Flashcards

Adrenergic drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What do adrenergic drugs mimic

A

Catecholamines like Norepinephrine, Epinephrine and dopamine

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2
Q

Types of adrenergic receptors

A

A adrenergic receptor, B adrenergic receptor, and Dopaminergic receptors

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3
Q

Where are A1 adrenergic receptors located

A

Located on the postsynaptic effector cells (the cell, muscle or organ the nerve stimulates)

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4
Q

Where is A2 adrenergic receptors located

A

Located on presynaptic nerve terminals (stimulates the effector cells and control the release of NT)

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5
Q

What do A adrenergic agonist do

A

Causes Vasocontraction and CNS stimulation

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6
Q

Where are B adrenergic cells located

A

All are on postsynaptic effector cells

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7
Q

Where are B1 adrenergic receptors located

A

Located on the heart (B1, 1 heart)

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8
Q

Where are the B2 adrenergic receptors located

A

Smooth muscles of the Bronchioles, arterioles and visceral organs (B2, 2 for 2 lungs)

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9
Q

What do Adrenergic Agonists do

A

Bronchial, GI and uterine smooth muscle relaxation, glycogenolysis and cardiac stimulation

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10
Q

What do dopaminergic receptors do

A

cause dilation of the renal, mesenteric, coronary, cerebral blood vessels promoting blood flow.

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11
Q

What do A1 receptors on the the cardiovascular blood vessels do

A

Constriction

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12
Q

What do B1 receptors do on the cardiac muscle do

A

Increase contractility

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12
Q

What do b2 receptors on the the cardiovascular blood vessels do

A

Dilation

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13
Q

What do B1 on the AV node do

A

Increase heart rate

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14
Q

What does B1 do on the SA node

A

Increase heart rate

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15
Q

What do B2 receptors do on the GI muscle

A

Decrease motility and relaxation of the smooth muscle

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16
Q

What do the A1 receptors on the sphincter do in the GI

A

constriction

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17
Q

What does the A1 receptors do on the bladder

A

Contraction of the sphincter

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18
Q

What does A1 receptors do to the penis

A

Cause ejactulation

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19
Q

What does the A1 receptor do to the uterus

A

Contraction

20
Q

What does the B2 receptor do to the uterus

A

relaxation

21
Q

What does the B2 receptor do to the bronchial muscle

A

Dilation of relaxation of smooth muscles

22
Q

What does the B2 receptors do to the liver

A

Glycogenolysis

23
Q

What does the B2 receptors do to the liver

A

increase renin secretion

24
Q

What does A1 receptors do to the pupillary muscle

A

dilation of the pupil

25
Q

MOA of direct acting sympathomimetic

A

Binds directly to the receptor and causes a response

26
Q

MOA of indirect acting sympthomimetic

A

Cause the release of catecholamine from the storage site. They then bind to receptors causes a reaction

27
Q

MOA of mixed acting sympathomimetic

A

Stimulated the receptor by binding to it causing the release of stored NT

28
Q

Drug effects of A adrenergic receptors on smooth muscle

A
  • Vasoconstriction of blood vessels
  • Relaxation of GI smooth muscles, decreasing motility
  • Constriction of the bladder sphincter
  • Contraction of uterus
  • Male ejactulation
  • Contraction of pupillary muscles of the eye
29
Q

Drug effects of B1 adrenergic receptors on myocardium, atrioventricular (AV) node, and sinoatrial node results in cardiac stimulation.

A
  • Increase force of contraction (positive inotropic)
  • Increase heart rate (positive chronotropic)
  • Increase conduction through AV node (positive dromotropic)
30
Q

Drug effects of B2 adrenergic receptors

A
  • Bronchodilation
  • Uterine relaxation
  • Increased renin secretion in the kidneys
  • Relaxation of GI smooth muscles (decreased motility)
31
Q

Indications of B2

A

Asthma and bronchitis (any need to dilate the bronchioles)

32
Q

Indications of A1

A

Nasal congestion or any need for constriction of dilated arterioles

Like phenylephrine hydrochloride

33
Q

What is the relief of conjunctival congestion

A

A adrenergic receptors ( phenylephrine hydrochloride, epinephrine )

34
Q

Type of drug to reduce intraocular pressure and dilation of pupils (treatment of open angle glaucoma)

A

α-Adrenergic receptors

35
Q

vasoactive sympathomimetics AKA…

A

pressors, inotropes or cardioselective sympathomimetics

36
Q

Uses for cardioselective sympathomimetics

A

Supports the heart during cardiac failure or shock. Affects A and B-receptors

37
Q

What is Dobutamine

A

Selective vasoactive B1-adrenergic drug

38
Q

What is Dobutamine used for

A

Increase cardiac output by increasing contractility, Which increases stroke volume, especially in patients with heart failure.

39
Q

What is Epinephrine

A

Endogenous vasoactive catecholamine that acts on both a and B adrenergic recepotrs

40
Q

What is Epinephrine used for

A

Used for advanced cardiac life support (vasocontraction)

41
Q

What is norepinephrine

A

Simulates B Adrenergic effects on the heart (B1-adnergic receptors. Does not stimulate B2 adrenergic receptors of the lungs

42
Q

What does norepinephrine treat

A

Hypotension and shock

43
Q

What is phenylephrine

A

Works On A adrenergic receptors

44
Q

What does phenylephrine used for

A

used primarily for the short term treatment to raise blood pressure in patients who are in shock, Vasocontraction in regional anaesthesia

45
Q

A adrenergic adverse effects

A
  • CNS
    Headache, restlessness, excitement, insomnia, euphoria
  • Cardiovascular
    Palpitations (dysrhythmias), tachycardia, vasoconstriction, hypertension
  • Other
    Loss of appetite, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, taste changes (rare)
46
Q

B adrenergic adverse effects

A
  • CNS
    Mild tremors, headache, nervousness, dizziness, insomnia, euphoria
  • Cardiovascular
    Chest pain, increased heart rate, palpitations (dysrhythmias), hypertension, vasoconstriction
  • Other
    Sweating, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps
47
Q

Interactions of adrenergic drugs

A
  • Anesthesia drugs
  • Digoxin
  • MAOIs
  • Tricyclic antidepressants (hypertensive crisis)
    Antihistamines (increased adrenergic effects)
  • Thyroid preparations
48
Q
A

nurs 252 (23 decks)

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