adrenergic blocking drugs Flashcards
adrenergic blockers
bind to receptors but block SNS stimulation
- inhibit sympathetic stimulation
adrenergic blocker AKA
adrenergic antagonists, sympatholytics, a nad b blockers
indications and effects of a-blockers
- cause arterial and venous dilation reducing peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure
- treats hypertension in pheochromocytoma
- raynauds, acrocyanosis and frostbite
- decreases resistance to urinary outflow, relieving BPH
phentolamine
- reverses vasoconstrictive effects of extravasated vasopressors such as epineph and norepinephrine
- restores blood flow and prevents tissue necrosis
a-blocker adverse effects (cardio)
- cardio: palpitations, ortho hypotension, tachycardia, edema chest pain
a-blocker adverse effects (CNS)
dizzy, headache, anxiety, depression, weakness, numbness, fatigue
a-blocker adverse effects (GI)
- nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abd pain
a-blocker adverse effects (other)
incontinence, dry mouth, pharyngitis
common a-blockers
phentolamine mesylate and tamsulosin
phentolamine
- reduces systemic vascular resistance and sometimes treats hypertension
- pheochromocytoma
- most commonly treats extravasation of vasoconstriction drugs
phentolamine CI
hypersensitivity, MI, coronary artery disease
tamsulosin
- treats BPH
- CI: allergy, concurrent use of erectile dysfunction drugs like sildenafil
tamsulosin adverse effects
headache, abn ejaculation, rhinitis
b- blockers
- blocks stimulation of beta receptors in SNS
- compete with norepi and epi
- selective or non-selective
b2 blockers are located primarily
on the smooth muscles of bronchioles and blood vessels
intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (b blockers that stimulate a receptors)
carvedilol and labetalol
- a-blocking activity at higher dosages
B1 receptors are located
primarily on heart
selective b-blockers for these receptors are called cardioselective b-blockers
cardioselective b blocker MOA
- reduces SNS stim of the heart
- decresed HR
- prolonged SA node recovery
- slows conduction through AV node
- decrease myocardial contractility thus reducing myocardial O2 demand
nonselective B1 and B2 MOA
- same effect on heart as cardioselective b-blockers
- constrict bronchioles
- produce vasoconstriction
b blocker receptor indication
- angina, MI, hypertension
- cardioprotective (inhibit stim form catecholamines)
- dysrhythmias
- glaucoma
- migraine (lipophilicity allows into CNS)
b-blocker adverse effects
- nonselective b-blockers may interfere with normal response to hypoglycemia
- mask hypoglycemia
- use w caution in diabetic
atenolol
- cardioselective b blocker
- prevent from heart attacks
-hypertension and angina
-management of thyrotoxicosis to help block excessive thyroid activity - oral
carvedilol
- nonselective b-blocker, a1-blocker, ca channel blocker, antioxidant
- for HF, hypertension, angina
- slows progression of HF
-added to digoxin, furosemide, ACE inhibitors
esmolol
- short acting b1 blocker
- used in acute situations to provide rapid temporary control of ventricular rate in pts with supraventricular tachydysrhym
- IV
