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nurs 252 > adrenergic blocking drugs > Flashcards

adrenergic blocking drugs Flashcards

1
Q

adrenergic blockers

A

bind to receptors but block SNS stimulation
- inhibit sympathetic stimulation

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2
Q

adrenergic blocker AKA

A

adrenergic antagonists, sympatholytics, a nad b blockers

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3
Q

indications and effects of a-blockers

A
  • cause arterial and venous dilation reducing peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure
  • treats hypertension in pheochromocytoma
  • raynauds, acrocyanosis and frostbite
  • decreases resistance to urinary outflow, relieving BPH
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4
Q

phentolamine

A
  • reverses vasoconstrictive effects of extravasated vasopressors such as epineph and norepinephrine
  • restores blood flow and prevents tissue necrosis
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5
Q

a-blocker adverse effects (cardio)

A
  • cardio: palpitations, ortho hypotension, tachycardia, edema chest pain
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6
Q

a-blocker adverse effects (CNS)

A

dizzy, headache, anxiety, depression, weakness, numbness, fatigue

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7
Q

a-blocker adverse effects (GI)

A
  • nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abd pain
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8
Q

a-blocker adverse effects (other)

A

incontinence, dry mouth, pharyngitis

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9
Q

common a-blockers

A

phentolamine mesylate and tamsulosin

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10
Q

phentolamine

A
  • reduces systemic vascular resistance and sometimes treats hypertension
  • pheochromocytoma
  • most commonly treats extravasation of vasoconstriction drugs
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11
Q

phentolamine CI

A

hypersensitivity, MI, coronary artery disease

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12
Q

tamsulosin

A
  • treats BPH
  • CI: allergy, concurrent use of erectile dysfunction drugs like sildenafil
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13
Q

tamsulosin adverse effects

A

headache, abn ejaculation, rhinitis

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14
Q

b- blockers

A
  • blocks stimulation of beta receptors in SNS
  • compete with norepi and epi
  • selective or non-selective
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15
Q

b2 blockers are located primarily

A

on the smooth muscles of bronchioles and blood vessels

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16
Q

intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (b blockers that stimulate a receptors)

A

carvedilol and labetalol
- a-blocking activity at higher dosages

17
Q

B1 receptors are located

A

primarily on heart
selective b-blockers for these receptors are called cardioselective b-blockers

18
Q

cardioselective b blocker MOA

A
  • reduces SNS stim of the heart
  • decresed HR
  • prolonged SA node recovery
  • slows conduction through AV node
  • decrease myocardial contractility thus reducing myocardial O2 demand
19
Q

nonselective B1 and B2 MOA

A
  • same effect on heart as cardioselective b-blockers
  • constrict bronchioles
  • produce vasoconstriction
20
Q

b blocker receptor indication

A
  • angina, MI, hypertension
  • cardioprotective (inhibit stim form catecholamines)
  • dysrhythmias
  • glaucoma
  • migraine (lipophilicity allows into CNS)
21
Q

b-blocker adverse effects

A
  • nonselective b-blockers may interfere with normal response to hypoglycemia
  • mask hypoglycemia
  • use w caution in diabetic
22
Q

atenolol

A
  • cardioselective b blocker
  • prevent from heart attacks
    -hypertension and angina
    -management of thyrotoxicosis to help block excessive thyroid activity
  • oral
23
Q

carvedilol

A
  • nonselective b-blocker, a1-blocker, ca channel blocker, antioxidant
  • for HF, hypertension, angina
  • slows progression of HF
    -added to digoxin, furosemide, ACE inhibitors
24
Q

esmolol

A
  • short acting b1 blocker
  • used in acute situations to provide rapid temporary control of ventricular rate in pts with supraventricular tachydysrhym
  • IV
25
Q

nonselective b blockers

A

labetalol and propranolol

26
Q

cardioselective b blockers

A

metoprolol

27
Q

if BP is 90/60 or 30 mmhg lower than normal or pulse <60

A

may need to hold dose

28
Q

OTC and adrenergic blockers

A

avoid
- interactions include antacids, antimuscarinics, anticholinergics, diuretics, cardio drugs, neuromuscular blocking drugs, oral hypoglycemics

29
Q

abruptly stopping b-blockers results in

A

rebound hypertension and chest pain

30
Q

things to report with b-blockers

A
  • weight gain
    -edema
    -SOB
  • fatigue and weakness
    -syncope and dizziness

nurs 252 (23 decks)

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