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nurs 252 > adrenal drugs > Flashcards

adrenal drugs Flashcards

1
Q

adrenal medulla secretes

A

catacholamines (epinepherine and norepinephrine)

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2
Q

adrenal cortex secretes

A

corticosteroids (glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids )

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3
Q

oversecretion and undersecretion of adrenocortical hormones

A

oversecretion: cushing syndrome
undersecretion: addisons syndrome

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4
Q

glucocorticoids ex

A

hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone

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5
Q

mineralocorticoid ex

A

fludrocortisone 21-acetate.
treats addisons disease

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6
Q

adrenal steroid inhibitor ex

A

ketoconazole

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7
Q

MOA corticosteroids

A
  • modify enzyme activity
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8
Q

MOA glucocorticoids

A
  • differ in potency, duration, extent of salt and fluid retention
  • inhibit or control inflammatory and immune response
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9
Q

Indications of adrenal drugs (A-C)

A
  • adrenocortical deficiency
  • adrenogenital syndrome
  • allergic disorders
  • autoimmune blistering diseases
  • bacterial meningitis
  • cancer
    -cerebral edema
  • collagen diseases
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10
Q

indications of adrenal drugs (D-H)

A
  • dermatological diseases
    -endocrine disorders (thyroiditis)
  • GI diseases (UC, regional enteritis)
  • exacerbation of chronic resp illnesses ( asthma, COPD)
  • hematological disorders
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11
Q

indications of adrenal drugs (N-L)

A
  • nonrheumatic inflammation
  • nephrotic syndrome
  • opthalmic disorders (nonpyogenic inflammations)
  • organ transplantation (decrease immune response to prevent organ rejection)
  • leukemias and lymphomas
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12
Q

indications of adrenal drugs (R-T)

A
  • rheumatic disorders
  • spinal cord injury
  • thyroiditis
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13
Q

administration of glucocorticoids

A
  • inhalation for control of steroid responsive bronchospastic states
  • nasally for rhinitis or polyps
  • topically for eyes, ears, skin
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13
Q

what to do after giving glucocorticoids(inhale)

A

gargle, rinse, spit

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13
Q

when to give glucocorticoids

A

1st thing in the morning

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13
Q

CI of glucocorticoids

A
  • glaucoma, cataracts
    -peptic ulcer disease
  • metal health problems
    -diabetes
14
Q

glucocorticoids are avoided with

A

infections: septicemia, systemic fungal infections, varicella

15
Q

glucocorticoids with TB and meningitis

A

glucocorticoids can prevent inflammatory CNS damage

16
Q

use with caution in pts with

A

gastritis, reflux disease, ulcer disease
cardiac, renal, liver dysfunction

17
Q

glucocorticoid adverse effects: cardio

A

HF, cardiac edema, hypertension (from elec imb), impaired glucose tolerance, dysrhythmias, bradycardia, pulmonary edema, syncope, vasculitis

18
Q

glucocorticoid adverse effects: CNS

A

convulsion, headache, vertigo, mood swings, nervousness, aggressive, psychotic sympt, neuritis, peripheral neuropathy, paresthesia, arachnoiditis, meningitis, insomnia

19
Q

glucocorticoid adverse effects: endocrine

A

growth suppression, cushing, menstural irreg, carb intolerance, hyperglycemia, hypothalamic- pituitary- adrenal axis supression, hirsutism, hypertrichosis, glycosuria

20
Q

glucocorticoid adverse effects: GI

A

peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, ulcerative esophagitis, abd distension

21
Q

glucocorticoid adverse effects: integumentary

A

fragile skin, petechiae, ecchymosis, facial erythema, poor wound healing, urticarial, hypersensitivity, acne, dry, hyperpigmentation, striae

22
Q

glucocorticoid adverse effects: MSK

A

myopathy, weakness, loss of muscle mass, osteoporosis, osteonecrosis of femoral and humeral heads, pathological fracture, malaise

23
Q

glucocorticoid adverse effects: occular and other

A

occular: increased intraocular pressure, glaucoma, cataracts
other: weight gain, leukoctosis, opportunistic infection, hypokalemia alkalosis, impaired healing

24
Q

hypokalemia from which drugs

A

furosemide with prednisone

25
Q

glucocorticoid interactions

A
  • non potassium sparing diuretics can lead to hypocalcemia and hypokalemia
  • NSAIDS and aspirin can lead to GI effects
  • anticholinesterase can produce weakness with myasthenia gravis
  • immunizing biologics
  • antidiabetic drugs: increased blood glucose
26
Q

prednisone

A
  • most common PO glucocorticoid for ant inflammatory purposes
  • treats exacerbations of chronic resp illnesses
  • inadequate for management of adrenocortical insuff (addisons)
27
Q

methylprednisolone

A
  • IV and injectable
    -for anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressant
  • not for pregnancy
  • contains benzyl alc that is CI <28 days old
28
Q

look alike sound alike drugs

A

slou- cortef and solu-medrol
- both IV glucocorticoids
- 4 mg medrol= 20 mg cortef
- not interchangeable

29
Q

what to assess before giving adrenal drugs

A
  • edema and electrolytes
  • peptic ulcer disease and other CI
  • drug interactions
30
Q

adrenal drugs alter

A

serum glucose and electrolyte levels

31
Q

dont take adrenal drugs with

A

coffee, alcohol, aspirin, NSAIDs

32
Q

do you taper the dose

A

yes

nurs 252 (23 decks)

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