⚫️ Psychopathology: OCD

Question 1

What does OCD stand for

Answer 1

Obsessive compulsive disorder

Question 2

What is OCD

Answer 2

It is a disorder characterised by obsessions and/or compulsions

Question 3

What are the DSM-5 categories of OCD

Answer 3

• OCD
• Trichotillomania
• Hoarding disorder
• Excoriation disorder

Question 4

What is trichotillomania

Answer 4

It is a DSM-5 category of OCD referring to the compulsive hair-pulling

Question 5

State what hoarding disorder is

Answer 5

It is a DSM-5 category of OCD referring to the compulsive gathering of possessions, and the inability to part with anything - regardless of value

Question 6

State what excoriation disorder is

Answer 6

It is a DSM-5 category of OCD referring to compulsive skin-picking

Question 7

In regards to OCD, what are compulsions

Answer 7

Repetitive behaviour that you feel you need to do to temporarily relieve unpleasant obsessive thoughts

Question 8

In regards to OCD, what are obsessions

Answer 8

They are repeated, persistent and unwanted thoughts, urges or images

Question 9

List the behavioural characteristics of OCD

Answer 9

• Repetitive compulsions
• Acting on compulsions as they reduce anxiety
• Avoidance

Question 10

List the emotional characteristics of OCD

Answer 10

• Anxiety and distress
• Accompanying depression
  *Guilt and disgust

Question 11

List the cognitive characteristics of OCD

Answer 11

• Obsessive thoughts
• Cognitive coping strategies
• Insight into excessive anxiety

Question 12

Outline repetitive compulsions as a behavioural characteristic of OCD

Answer 12

• People with OCD feel the need to repeatedly perform actions

Question 13

State an example of repetitive compulsions of OCD

Answer 13

• Handwashing

Question 14

What percentage of people with OCD only show compulsive behaviour (have no obsessions)

Answer 14

10%

Question 15

Outline acting out compulsions they reduce anxiety as a behavioural characteristic of OCD

Answer 15

• People with OCD often act out their compulsions to manage the anxiety produces by their obsessions
• E.g hand-washing is carried out as a response to an obsessive fear of germs

Question 16

Outline avoidance as a behavioural characteristic of OCD

Answer 16

• People with OCD are characterised to avoiding their stimuli to try and reduce the anxiety that comes from it
• E.g people who compulsively wash their hands would try to avoid contact with germs - but this can quickly escalate and lead to avoiding ordinary situations like emptying the bins out

Question 17

Outline anxiety and distress as emotional characteristics of OCD

Answer 17

• OCD is regarded as a unpleasant emotion experience because of the powerful anxiety that comes with both obsessions and complications.

*Furthermore, the urge to act out a compulsion also creates anxiety

Question 18

Outline accompanying depression as an emotional characteristic of OCD

Answer 18

• OCD is often accompanied with depression as anxiety (caused by obsessions and compulsions) can bring about low mood and the lack of enjoyment in some activities
• Compulsive behaviour tends to relief some stress, but only temporarily

Question 19

Outline guilt and disgust as emotional characteristics of OCD

Question 20

Outline obsessive thoughts as a cognitive characteristic of OCD

Question 21

Outline cognitive coping strategies as a cognitive characteristic of OCD

Question 22

Outline insight into excessive anxiety as a cognitive characteristic of OCD

Question 23

What is the cycle of OCD