🟢 Attachment: Schaffer's stages of attachment

Question 1

Who proposed that there were four identifiable stages of attachment

AND

In what year

Answer 1

Schaffer and Emerson (1964)

Question 2

What are the four stages of attachment (in order)

Question 3

Outline stage 1 of attachment

Answer 3

• The Asocial stage (First weeks)
• Observable behaviour between humans and inanimate objects is similar - but show slight preference to other people and are happier w/ humans present
• Babies tend to show preference for familiar ppl and are comforted by them more easily

Question 4

Outline stage 2 of attachment

Answer 4

• Indiscriminate attachment (From 2-7 months)
• Show clear preference for being with other humans rather than inanimate objects
• Recognise and prefer the company of familiar ppl
  ⁃ BUT they still accept cuddles and affection from any adult
• NO separation anxiety or stranger anxiety shown

Question 5

Outline stage 3 of attachment

Answer 5

• Specific attachment (From around 7 months)
• Start to show signs of attachment towards one particular person
  ⁃ This person = Primary attachment figure (PAF), they offer most interaction + responds to baby’s signal with most skill (Its the mother 65% of cases)
• Shows stranger anxiety esp w/ PAF absent
• Shows separation anxiety when away from PAF

Question 6

Outline stage 4 of attachment

Answer 6

• Multiple attachments (From around 10 months onwards)
• Baby forms secondary attachments with other ppl they regularly spend time with
• Schaffer + Emerson sat that 29% of children formed secondary attachments w/in a month of forming a PAF
• By one yrs old majority of the babies had developed multiple attachments

Question 7

Describe the procedure of Schaffer and Emerson’s stages of attachment research

Question 8

Outline the findings of Schaffer and Emerson’s stages of attachment research

Question 9

Describe the aim of Schaffer and Emersons stages of attachment research

Question 10

What year did Schaffer and Emerson conduct their stages of attachment study

Answer 10

1964

Question 11

What are multiple attachments

Question 12

Outline Schaffer and Emersons research on the stages of attachment

Question 12

Outline Schaffer and Emersons research on the stages of attachment

Question 13

What is separation anxiety

Answer 13

Distress shown from the child when separated from the main caregiver

Question 14

What is stranger anxiety

Answer 14

Distress shown when the child was left alone with an unfamiliar person