🧠psychology - hasset 🟡 Flashcards
How many males were part of the final sample?
21
How many females were part of the final sample?
61
How many monkeys were in the wider group of animals (including those not chosen)?
135
Where were the monkeys?
The Yerkes primates research station in the USA
Why were 14 adults not studied?
They had received hormone treatments
Why were 39 young infants not studied?
They could not be reliably identified
Describe the housing
- Each natal group enclosed in 25x25 meter outdoor area
- Access to temperature controlled indoor environment
- Water available and standard monkey food given twice a day
- Additional fruit and vegetables once a day
How many wheeled toys were there?
6
What was the range of length of wheeled toys?
16 to 46 cm
What were the wheeled toys?
Wagon, truck, car, construction vehicle, shopping cart, dump truck
How many plush toys were there?
7
What was the range of length of plush toys?
14 to 73 cm
What were the plush toys?
Winnie-the-Poohâ„¢, Raggedy-Annâ„¢, koala hand puppet, armadillo, teddy bear, Scooby-Dooâ„¢, turtle
How many trials per social group?
7
How long was a trial?
25 minutes
How were the trials recorded?
Two video cameras
How far apart were the two toys placed?
10m apart
What was counterbalanced?
Whether the plush or wheeled toy was on the left / right
What things were recorded?
- Each animal interacting with a toy
- Specific activities coded with behavioral checklist
- Exact time each activity occured
- Frequency of each behavior
- Record of duration of continuous activities
List all the behaviors
- Extended touch
- Hold
- Sit on
- Carry in hand
- Carry in arm
- Carry in mouth
- Drag
- Manipulate part
- Turn entire toy
- Touch
- Sniff
- Mouth
- Destroy
- Jump away
- Throw
How many monkeys had fewer than 5 total recorded behaviors and this were not used in the analysis?
14 males and 3 females
Percentage of male monkeys preferring wheeled toys vs plush toys
73% - 9%
Percentage of female monkeys preferring wheeled toys vs plush toys
39% - 30%
Compare the mean duration male monkeys spent with wheeled toys compared to female monkeys
Male, wheeled: 4.76 minutes
Female, wheeled: 1.27 minutes
Compare the mean duration male monkeys spent with plush toys compared to female monkeys
Male, plush: 0.53 minutes
Female, plush: 1.49 minutes
Compare the mean frequency male monkeys spent with wheeled toys compared to female monkeys
Male, wheeled: 9.77
Female, wheeled: 6.96
Compare the mean frequency male monkeys spent with plush toys compared to female monkeys
Male, plush: 2.06
Female, plush: 7.97
How was magnitude of preference calculated?
Frequency of wheeled toy interaction - Frequency of plush toy interaction
(the other way round for females)
How were monkeys distributed by rank?
Equally
How did rank and total frequency of interactions correlate?
For males and females combined, it was positively correlated for both toys
For just males, it was not correlatred
For females, rank was positively correlated with frequency of interactions for both toys - but rank only correlated with duration for the plush toy
How did frequency and duration vary between subadult, adults, adult, and old animals?
It did not
When compared with human subjects from Berenbaum and Hines, how did the results vary?
It did not!
