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a levels - history, psychology, literature > 🧠 psychology - baron cohen > Flashcards

🧠 psychology - baron cohen Flashcards

1
Q

How many options per question in the original eyes test compared to the revised

A

Original: 2 semantic opposites
Revised: 4

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2
Q

How many sets of eyes in the original eyes test compared to the revised eyes test?

A

Original: 25
Revised: 36

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3
Q

What kind of emotions were displayed in the original eyes test compared to the revised eyes test?

A

Original: Basic and complex emotions, basic too easy
Revised: Only complex emotions

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4
Q

Describe the gender distribution of faces in the original eyes test compared to the revised eyes test?

A

Original: More females than males
Revised: Equal

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5
Q

How was it made sure that participants understood all the words in the revised test?

A

There was a glossary given

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6
Q

Give examples of two words in the glossary

A
  • Accusing / blaming
  • Ashamed / overcome with shame or guilt
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7
Q

What were the hypotheses?

A
  1. Participants with ASD will score significantly lower on the revised test than the control group
  2. Participants with ASD will score signigicantly higher on the AQ (Autism Spectrum Quotient) test
  3. Females in the normal groups will score higher in the eyes test than males
  4. Males in the normal group will score higher on the AQ measure than females
  5. Scores on the AQ and eyes test will be negatively correlated
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8
Q

Describe the AQ test

A

A self report questionnaire with scores ranging from 0 to 50, a higher score meaning greater autism

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9
Q

What type of experiment is Baron-cohen?

A

A quasi-experiment

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10
Q

How many control groups were there and how many experimental groups?

A

1 experimental group, 3 control groups

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11
Q

What was group 1?

A

AS / HFA

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12
Q

How many participants were in group 1?

A

15

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13
Q

What was group 1’s average age?

A

29.7

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14
Q

What was group 2?

A

Adult comparison group

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15
Q

How many participants were in group 2?

A

122

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16
Q

What was group 3?

A

Student comparison group

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17
Q

How many participants were in group 3?

A

103

18
Q

What was group 4?

A

IQ matched group

19
Q

How many participants were in group 4?

A

14

20
Q

Compare the average IQ score of group 1 to group 4

A

Group 1: 115
Group 2: 116

21
Q

Compare the average ages of group 2, group 3, and group 4

A
  • Group 1: 46.5
  • Group 2: 20.8
  • Group 4: 28
22
Q

How was group 1 sampled?

A

Adverts in the autistic society magazine and support groups; all diagnosed using the DSM or ICD criteria

23
Q

How was group 2 sampled?

A

From adult community and education classes in Exeter and Cambridge; no AS / HFA diagnosis

24
Q

How was group 3 sampled?

A

From the University of Cambridge; no diagnosis of AS / HFA

25
Q

How was group 4 sampled?

A

Randomly selected from the general population; IQ matched to those in the AS / HFA group

26
Q

How were target words created?

A

There were 8 judges; and at least 5 judges had to agree that the target word was the most appropriate for the eyes.

If more than 2 judges selected the foil world rather than the target word, a new target word or foils were generated

27
Q

Originally how many sets of eyes were there?

A

40

28
Q

Why were the number of eyes reduced from 40 to 36?

A

There were 4 items with inconsistent results where control participants chose foil words; they were removed from the analysis

29
Q

How did the test start?

A
  1. Participant reads through the glossary to ensure they know the meaning of each word
  2. They are told they can refer back when they want
  3. They are shown a practice item followed by the sets of eyes
30
Q

Why did only group 1 get a gender recognition test?

A

A pilot study had shown that normal adults usually achieved 100% on gender recognition

31
Q

Why was gender recognition a ‘control’?

A

To show that AS people could identify some characteristics not dependent on a theory of mind

32
Q

Which participants recieved an AQ test?

A

All except group 2

33
Q

Describe ethics.

A
  • There was informed consent and they were aware of the nature of the research
  • Data was made anonymous
34
Q

How did the AS / HFA folks do in gender recognition?

A

All of them scored 33 and above

35
Q

How did eyes test performance vary between males and females?

A

It did not vary

36
Q

What was the correlation with AQ and eyes test score, and the correlation between IQ and eyes test scores?

A

AQ and eyes: negative correlation
IQ and eyes: no correlation

37
Q

What was the mean eyes test score for group 1?

A

21.9

38
Q

Compare the mean eyes test scroes between group 2, 3, and 4

A

Group 2: 26.2
Group 3: 28.0
Group 4: 30.9

39
Q

Any sex difference?

A

Small sex difference in group 3. Males had lower scores.

40
Q
A

a levels - history, psychology, literature (21 decks)

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