🧠 psychology - baron cohen

Question 1

How many options per question in the original eyes test compared to the revised

Answer 1

Original: 2 semantic opposites
Revised: 4

Question 2

How many sets of eyes in the original eyes test compared to the revised eyes test?

Answer 2

Original: 25
Revised: 36

Question 3

What kind of emotions were displayed in the original eyes test compared to the revised eyes test?

Answer 3

Original: Basic and complex emotions, basic too easy
Revised: Only complex emotions

Question 4

Describe the gender distribution of faces in the original eyes test compared to the revised eyes test?

Answer 4

Original: More females than males
Revised: Equal

Question 5

How was it made sure that participants understood all the words in the revised test?

Answer 5

There was a glossary given

Question 6

Give examples of two words in the glossary

Answer 6

• Accusing / blaming
• Ashamed / overcome with shame or guilt

Question 7

What were the hypotheses?

Answer 7

1. Participants with ASD will score significantly lower on the revised test than the control group
2. Participants with ASD will score signigicantly higher on the AQ (Autism Spectrum Quotient) test
3. Females in the normal groups will score higher in the eyes test than males
4. Males in the normal group will score higher on the AQ measure than females
5. Scores on the AQ and eyes test will be negatively correlated

Question 8

Describe the AQ test

Answer 8

A self report questionnaire with scores ranging from 0 to 50, a higher score meaning greater autism

Question 9

What type of experiment is Baron-cohen?

Answer 9

A quasi-experiment

Question 10

How many control groups were there and how many experimental groups?

Answer 10

1 experimental group, 3 control groups

Question 11

What was group 1?

Answer 11

AS / HFA

Question 12

How many participants were in group 1?

Answer 12

15

Question 13

What was group 1’s average age?

Answer 13

29.7

Question 14

What was group 2?

Answer 14

Adult comparison group

Question 15

How many participants were in group 2?

Answer 15

122

Question 16

What was group 3?

Answer 16

Student comparison group

Question 17

How many participants were in group 3?

Answer 17

103

Question 18

What was group 4?

Answer 18

IQ matched group

Question 19

How many participants were in group 4?

Answer 19

14

Question 20

Compare the average IQ score of group 1 to group 4

Answer 20

Group 1: 115
Group 2: 116

Question 21

Compare the average ages of group 2, group 3, and group 4

Answer 21

• Group 1: 46.5
• Group 2: 20.8
• Group 4: 28

Question 22

How was group 1 sampled?

Answer 22

Adverts in the autistic society magazine and support groups; all diagnosed using the DSM or ICD criteria

Question 23

How was group 2 sampled?

Answer 23

From adult community and education classes in Exeter and Cambridge; no AS / HFA diagnosis

Question 24

How was group 3 sampled?

Answer 24

From the University of Cambridge; no diagnosis of AS / HFA

Question 25

How was group 4 sampled?

Answer 25

Randomly selected from the general population; IQ matched to those in the AS / HFA group

Question 26

How were target words created?

Answer 26

There were 8 judges; and at least 5 judges had to agree that the target word was the most appropriate for the eyes. If more than 2 judges selected the foil world rather than the target word, a new target word or foils were generated

Question 27

Originally how many sets of eyes were there?

Answer 27

40

Question 28

Why were the number of eyes reduced from 40 to 36?

Answer 28

There were 4 items with inconsistent results where control participants chose foil words; they were removed from the analysis

Question 29

How did the test start?

Answer 29

1. Participant reads through the glossary to ensure they know the meaning of each word 2. They are told they can refer back when they want 3. They are shown a practice item followed by the sets of eyes

Question 30

Why did only group 1 get a gender recognition test?

Answer 30

A pilot study had shown that normal adults usually achieved 100% on gender recognition

Question 31

Why was gender recognition a 'control'?

Answer 31

To show that AS people could identify some characteristics not dependent on a theory of mind

Question 32

Which participants recieved an AQ test?

Answer 32

All except group 2

Question 33

Describe ethics.

Answer 33

- There was informed consent and they were aware of the nature of the research - Data was made anonymous

Question 34

How did the AS / HFA folks do in gender recognition?

Answer 34

All of them scored 33 and above

Question 35

How did eyes test performance vary between males and females?

Answer 35

It did not vary

Question 36

What was the correlation with AQ and eyes test score, and the correlation between IQ and eyes test scores?

Answer 36

AQ and eyes: negative correlation IQ and eyes: no correlation

Question 37

What was the mean eyes test score for group 1?

Answer 37

21.9

Question 38

Compare the mean eyes test scroes between group 2, 3, and 4

Answer 38

Group 2: **26.2** Group 3: **28.0** Group 4: **30.9**

Question 39

Any sex difference?

Answer 39

Small sex difference in group 3. Males had lower scores.