🧠 psychology - andrade 🔵

Question 1

Define doodling

Answer 1

The act of drawing pictures or patterns while thinking about something else or while one is at work

Question 2

Define daydream

Answer 2

A temporary escape from daily reality by forming mental pictures, usually in spontaneous brief episodes

Question 3

How many people were in the sample for Andrade?

Answer 3

40 people made up the sample for Andrade

Question 4

How many of the sample for Andrade were male, and how many were female?

Answer 4

35 people of the sample were female, and 5 people in the sample were male

Question 6

What was the age range of people in the sample for Andrade?

Answer 6

18-55 years

Question 7

Where was the sample for Andrade gathered from?

Answer 7

The MRC Applied Psychology Unit, University of Plymouth, UK

Question 8

How many participants were in the control group, and how many were in the doodling group?

Answer 8

20 participants were in each group

Question 9

How many males were in the control group?

Answer 9

2 males were in the control group

Question 10

How many males were in the doodling group?

Answer 10

3 males were in the doodling group

Question 11

List the materials used in Andrade

Answer 11

• Audio cassette tape
• Pencil
• Piece of A4 Paper with doodling space (doodling group)
• Lined paper (control group)

Question 12

Describe the room the experiment was done in for Andrade

Answer 12

The testing was done individually in a quiet, dull room

Question 13

What was the type of experimental design used in Andrade?

Answer 13

Independent measures

Question 14

What research method did Andrade use?

Answer 14

A lab experiment

Question 15

How long was the audio played in Andrade?

Answer 15

The audio played was 2.5 minutes long

Question 16

What was the average words per minute in Andrade?

Answer 16

The speaker in the recording in Andrade spoke at an average of 227 wpm.

Question 17

Describe the volume of the audio in Andrade

Answer 17

It was at a “comfortable listening volume”

Question 18

Describe the names and places included in the recording in Andrade.

Answer 18

• 8 names of people attending the party
• 3 names of people who didn’t attend the party
• 1 name of a cat who didn’t attend the party
• 8 names of places

Question 19

Approximately, what was the diameter of shapes on the A4 paper for the doodling group?

Answer 19

1cm was the average diameter of the shapes in the doodling group

Question 20

Describe the arrangement of shapes in the doodling conditions’ A4 paper.

Answer 20

• 10 shapes per eow
• Alternating squares and circles

Question 21

How large was the margin in Andrade on the doodling conditions’ paper?

Answer 21

There was a 4.5cm margin on the left of the paper for writing.

Question 22

What was the type of sampling used in Andrade?

Answer 22

Opportunity sampling

Question 23

How were participants in Andrade sampled?

Answer 23

After finishing an unrelated experiment on ‘ways of giving directions to different locations’, the participants were asked if they would mind spending another 5 minutes helping with research.

Question 24

What was the purpose of the way participants were sampled in Andrade?

Answer 24

It intended to enhance boredom of the task by selecting people who were already thinking of going home

Question 25

What were the instructions given to participants in Andrade?

Answer 25

1. To pretend the speaker in the tape was a friend who telephoned to invite them to a party 2. They were told that "the tape is rather dull but... [the examiner] don't want [them] to remember any of it" 3. They were asked to write down the names of people definitely or probably coming to the party, excluding themselves and the names of those not coming

Question 26

What did the examiner do after the tape finished playing?

Answer 26

Collected response sheets, and have a 1 minute conversation with the participants including debriefing

Question 27

What additional instructions were participants in the doodling condition given in Andrade?

Answer 27

To also shade in the squares and circles while listening, and that it "doesn't matter how neatly or how quickly" it is done, only something to "help relieve the boredom".

Question 28

What did debriefing involve in Andrade?

Answer 28

- An apology for misleading participants about the memory test - Asking them if they suspected a memory test

Question 29

How did counterbalancing work in Andrade?

Answer 29

- Half the participants were asked to briefly recall names of partygoers, and then mention places - The other half were asked to recall names of places, and then names of people coming to the party.

Question 30

In Andrade how many doodlers suspected a memory test?

Answer 30

**3** doodlers suspected a memory test

Question 31

In Andrade how many of those in the control condition suspected a memory test?

Answer 31

**4** control group-ers suspected a memory test

Question 32

What was the mean shapes shaded in the doodling group?

Answer 32

**36.3** shapes were shaded on average

Question 33

What was the range of shapes shaded in the doodling group?

Answer 33

Between 3 - 110

Question 34

How was monitoring performance calculated in Andrade?

Answer 34

Number of correct names minus false alarms

Question 35

What *was* included as a correct answer in Andrade?

Answer 35

Mishearings and proper noun answers of people who ATTENDED

Question 36

What was *not* included as a correct answer in Andrade?

Answer 36

Common nouns, 'lures', and new names

Question 37

How many of those in the doodling condition scored 8?

Answer 37

**15** doodlers scored 8

Question 38

How many of those in the control condition scored 8?

Answer 38

**9** controls scored 8

Question 39

What was the mean memory score for *names* in the control group vs the doodling group?

Answer 39

**4.0** was the mean in the control group for names, and **5.1** was the mean in the doodling group for names

Question 40

What was the mean memory score for *places* in the control group vs the doodling group?

Answer 40

**1.8** was the mean in the control group for places, and **2.4** was the mean in the doodling group for places

Question 41

What happened to the one participant who didn't doodle?

Answer 41

He was replaced