Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Alexis Small > Psychology 111- Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Psychology 111- Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

trait

A

a disposition to behave consistently in a paarticular way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

state

A

reactions to environment influence how you respond, temporary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

free association

A

you have a stream of consciousness, saying anything and everything that comes to mind regardless of what is socially acceptable-> consistencies tell about personality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

self-concept

A

your thoughts/opinions that relate to yourself, not necessarily accurate because it is about what you think/percieve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

individualism

A

trusting yourself, knowing who you are and responding to things based on that knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Person-situation controversy

A

is the situation causing the reaction or is the person just reacting-> looking at one instance/experience->situation has more influence; looking at multiple situations-> person has more influence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

narcissism

A

personality trait, over-inflated ego; liked when we first meet them but as time goes on it becomes difficult to maintain that relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

physiognomy

A

belief that you can tell someone’s personality based on their body’s physical attributes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sheldon’s Body Type Theory

A

if you were skinny/lanky you were introverted, muscled=bold… etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

phrenology

A

based on bumps/divots on the head, you have different personality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Four Humors

A

depending on different fluids and their proportions in their body then it determined your personality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

unconscious

A

elements deep in your mind that you’re not aware of-> contains all the drives, urges, or instincts that are outside awareness but still motivate most of our speech, thought, feeling, or actions (Freud)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

preconscious

A

things you’re not thinking about but with purpose can pull them to the surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

conscious

A

things you are aware of/currently thinking about

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Id

A

the devil on your shoulder, dark/evil instincts that tell you to do what you want and prioritize your desires

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ego

A

what interacts with world, aware of norms/expectations (in between Id and Superego)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Superego

A

morality, only do good, “angel”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Oral

A
  • 0-18 months
  • in this stage, erogenous stage is the mouth-> Id is focused on feeding/sucking; could impact behavior in the future if didn’t get enough food/sucking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Anal

A
  • 18-36 months
  • potty training (control of cladder/bowel)-> how you potty train impacts personality
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Phallic

A
  • 3-6 years
  • start to become aware of different genders
  • boy- Oedipal complex-> want to have sex with mom and kill dad
  • girl- electric complex-> want to kill mom and have sex with dad
  • though girls suffered “penis envy” because wanted to be boys
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Latency

A
  • 6-puberty
  • suppressing sexual feelings/interests and focusing on same-sex friendships
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

genital

A
  • puberty onward
  • start to express sexual feelings and create romantic relationships
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

regression

A

retreat to earlier psychosexual stage as a form of psychological retreat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

denial

A

refuse to accept/acknowledge reality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

projection

A

the uncomfortable thoughts/opinions you are feeling and putting them on someone else

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

displacement

A

replacing what you’re feeling with different thought/feeling, focus on that element and ignore your thought

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

reaction formation

A

you are feeling a way that is not considered socially acceptable so you swing to opposite side of spectrum to how you think you should be acting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

rationalization

A

come up with excuses for behavior that are socially acceptable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

development

A

research doesn’t support psychosexual, cemented by 18 by Freud when in reality is throughout life, evidence that gender identity comes about before phallic stage when Freud said it would

30
Q

dreams

A

unlocking unconscious, research shows that dreams are more about conscious thoughts

31
Q

defense mechanisms

A

most supported BUT instead of protecting Id/superego, its more about protecting bias/self esteem

32
Q

problems with repression

A

Freud thought that if we experienced something really traumatic, we would push it deep into our unconscious; true repression is questionable

33
Q

falsifiability

A

something we can’t test (we cannot test his theories since we can’t “reach into the subconscious”)-> unscientific

34
Q

trajectory

A

he explains behavior after it has occurred, little about predicting/changing behavior

35
Q

sexist

A

“Penis envy”, believed that women didn’t have any morality, believed that same sex attraction was acceptable for men but not women

36
Q

personal unconscious

A

your own personal subconscious

37
Q

collective unconscious

A

unconscious passed down through generations

38
Q

Jung Analytic Theory

A

unconscious is things you forget not just all of the “bad” stuff

39
Q

ancestral memory archetypes

A

images/thought patterns thought to be universal and housed in the collective unconscious

40
Q

anima/animus

A
  • anima= feminine energy components of a male, animus= masculine components of a female
41
Q

shadow

A

your sex/life instincts tend to be pretty dark, small component of collective unconscious

42
Q

persona

A

how we present ourselves to the world, shields ego-> more personal experience, can see different elements of persona based on context/situation

43
Q

OCEAN

A
  • Openness (willingness to try new things)
  • conscientiousness (pay attention to rules, deadlines, and regulations
  • extraversion (do you get energy from others)
  • agreeableness (how well you get along with others)
  • neuroticism (worry, anxiety)
44
Q

stability

A

the personality you have when you are young is similar to when you are older, but stabilizes around the age of 40

45
Q

maturity principle

A

as we age we become more conscientious, agreeable, and decrease in neuroticism

46
Q

brain structure (extravert)

A

people high in extraversion tend to have lower general activity in the brain-> may be why they seek out external stimulation from other people, high in conscientiousness, tend to have larger frontal lobes, high in neuroticism, tend to have more activity when experiencing stress

47
Q

birth order

A

no correlation between birth order and any of the Big 5

48
Q

culture

A

these traits have been seen in many countries-> pretty universal, there are different combinations of likelihood based on your culture, the typical distribution of these traits in a country is considered that country’s national character

49
Q

prediction

A

people high in conscientiousness and agreeableness suggests you would do well in workplace, high extraversion are more likely to use personal pronouns in texts

50
Q

Roger’s person centered theory

A

important for clinical psychology; says 3 things are necessary to create environment for personality growth: 1) acceptance (of the person, not necessarily their acts), 2) genuineness (need to be able to respond openly, honestly, and spontaneously to the person, and 3) empathy (you should be trying to mirror the persons feelings and thoughts to understand their perspective)

51
Q

Eysenck’s dimensional theory

A

all personality can be plotted on 2 dimensions (high->low neuroticism and introversion-> extraversion)

52
Q

Allport’s trait types (cardinal, central, secondary)

A

how people interact with context and situation that you enjoy (trait you exhibit)
- cardinal: rules and behaviors you approach a situation that you enjoy
- central: traits most people show, correlation with big 5
- secondary: situation specific, not traits you typically show but show in specific situations (ex: emergency)

53
Q

Biological theory

A

genetic aspect to personality
- evolutionary = because people with these traits survived, they are more likely to be seen cross-culturally
- genes= some similarities between personality and their genes (ex: identical twins raised separately-> large correlation of distribution of big 5)

54
Q

projective tests

A

the person creates something and based on that, you make judgements about their personality
- not definitive, just a tool

55
Q

thematic apperception test

A

showing still images, there is at least 1 person in each image, asked to create a story based on what you think is going on in the image

56
Q

human figure drawing

A

asked to draw picture of person, based on what and how you include/exclude from drawings, it says different things about personality, often used with children

57
Q

personality inventories

A

long questionnaires that ask a lot of questions-> based on their responses, says what their personality is

58
Q

Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI)

A

originally used to look at emotional disorders, but now used to look at personality, 13 scales of personality

59
Q

Myers-Briggs

A

4 letter grading of your personality, based on psychoanalysis, not super reliable (when retested within 5 weeks, 50% of participants got a different response)

60
Q

social media

A

the footprint you leave on social media can tell something about your personality

61
Q

behavioral thresholds

A

the points at which a person moves from not having a particular response to having one

62
Q

striving for superiority

A

the major drive behind all behavior whereby humans naturally strive to overcome their inherent inferiorities/deficiencies (both physical and psychological)

63
Q

compensation

A

unconscious reaction people have to cover up their weaknesses and sense of inferiority by striving for supremacy

64
Q

inferiority complex

A

unhealthy need to dominate/upstage others as a way of compensating for feelings of deficiency

65
Q

unconditional positive regard

A

acceptance of another person regardless of his or her behavior

66
Q

psychoticism

A

dispositions toward lack of impulse control, lack of interpersonal warmth, aggressiveness, and creative thought/behavior

67
Q

cortical arousal

A

the brain’s level of activity at a resting state and its sensitivity to stimulation

68
Q

sensory threshold

A

how much of a stimulus is required for it to be perceived

69
Q

Quantitative trait loci approach

A

technique in behavioral genetics that looks for the location on genes that might be associated with particular behaviors

70
Q

genome-wide association study

A

a genetic marker method that searches the genome for small variations that occur in different frequencies in different people

71
Q

rational method

A

method of developing questionairre items that involves using reason or theory to come up with questions

72
Q

empirical method

A

a method for developing questionnaire items that focuses on including questions that characterize the group the questionnaire is intended to distinguish

Alexis Small (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions