Psychiatry

Question 1

How would you treat OCD?

Answer 1

Cognitive behaviour therapy. Clomipramine.

Question 2

How is mental illness different to physical illness?

Answer 2

Diagnose by symptom cluster not pathology. Uncertainty about diagnosis.

Question 3

Anxiety symptoms?

Answer 3

Feeling of fear. Palpitations. Sweating.

Question 4

Taking 5 hours to wash hair and scrubbing hands with bleach up to 30 times a day are an example of what?

Answer 4

Compulsions.

Question 5

OCD symptoms?

Answer 5

Ego-dystonic thoughts
Repetitive, circular ruminations
Compulsions

Question 6

Core symptoms of depression?

Answer 6

Low mood, loss of energy, loss of enjoyment.

Question 7

Other symptoms of depression?

Answer 7

Weight loss, poor sleep, feeling of guilt and suicidal ideation.

Question 8

Depression treatment?

Answer 8

Antidepressants, cognitive behavioural therapy, social prescribing of exercise.

Question 9

Mania symptoms?

Answer 9

Elated mood, Over-energized, Little need for sleep, Over-spending.

Question 10

Schizophrenia symptoms?

Answer 10

Hallucination, delusion, Abnormal Behaviour such as disorganised behavior such as wandering aimlessly, mumbling or laughing to self.

Question 11

What is delusion?

Answer 11

Fixed false beliefs not shared by others in the person’s culture and that are firmly held even when there is evidence to the contrary.

Question 12

Schizophrenia treatment?

Answer 12

Antipsychotics
Psychological therapies
Family therapy
Arts therapies

Question 13

Example of depressogenic stressors?

Answer 13

Bullying and chronic illness.

Question 14

What is negative reinforcement?

Answer 14

Encouragement of certain behaviors by removing a negative stimuli.

Question 15

What can habit formation lead to?

Answer 15

Compulsion.

Question 16

Examples of what can result in negative reinforcement?

Answer 16

Substance use. Disordered eating.

Question 17

What leads to addiction?

Answer 17

Repeated negative reinforcement, in the context of persistent states of suffering.

Question 18

How do substances cause addiction?

Answer 18

Direct action on neural circuits for motivation and reward-seeking.

Question 19

What category are people who hear voices/ have disorganised behaviour/ thought disorder.

Answer 19

Madness.

Question 20

Types of psychosis?

Answer 20

Schizophrenia, Mania.

Question 21

Psychosis key symptoms

Answer 21

Hallucinations,
Delusions
Thought Disorder

Question 22

What is psychosis?

Answer 22

Group of pathologies which disrupt the process of perceiving and interpreting reality.

Question 23

Schizophrenia positive symptoms?

Answer 23

Hallucinations
Delusions

Question 24

Schizophrenia negative symptoms?

Answer 24

Anhedonia
Apathy

Question 25

Schizophrenia disorganised symptoms?

Answer 25

Thought disorder Disorganised speech

Question 26

What is see on a PET scan of a schizophrenia patient?

Answer 26

Excess of striatal dopamine

Question 27

What increases your risk of developing schizophrenia by a lot?

Answer 27

If both parents have schizophrenia. Strong genetic component.

Question 28

What is working memory?

Answer 28

You use this to store information for short periods and contextualise the present moment.

Question 29

What other risk factors for psychosis?

Answer 29

Neurodevelopmental (prematurity, hypoxia and infection), life stressors, recreational drug use.

Question 30

Psychosis treatment?

Answer 30

Antipsychotics, CBT for Psychosis, Social support.

Question 31

Class of antipsychotics?

Answer 31

Antidopaminergic.

Question 32

How is social support provided for psychosis?

Answer 32

Housing, benefits Support with budgeting /employment.

Question 33

What increases by a lot in schizophrenia patients?

Answer 33

Violence.

Question 34

Non-suicidal self-injury typically occurs in the context of?

Answer 34

Low self-worth and persistent distress. injury reduces distress.

Question 35

What results in negative reinforcement in OCD?

Answer 35

Distress reducing mechanisms like washing, counting that give temporary relief from intrusive thoughts.

Question 36

Symptoms of eating disorder?

Answer 36

Restriction of diet Episodes of laxative abuse Excessive exercise