Psychiatric Flashcards
A person has loss of interest, negative views of world, anhedonia, lost a spouse, has weight gain, used to cry but not anymore, has no energy is always irritable and can’t make simple decisions
What is this
Depression
What can you do for a person with depression
Help them experience accomplishments Careful with compliments Prevent Isolation Interact with others is good Assess Suicide risk
Can a person with depression be delusional or hallucinating
Yes
A person in mild depression would they have insomnia or hypersomnia
Hypersomnia
A person in severe depression would they have insomnia or hyperinsomnia
insomnia
A person has a flight of ideas, they are emotionally labile and have a continious high, they have delusions of grandeur. They dress innapropriately, wont eat much have different sleep patterns, poor judgement, hypersexual and manipulative
Manic bipolar
What should a nurse do with a manic patient
Do not talk a lot about their delusions, let them know you accept them but you don’t believe in them. Maintain safety. set limits, staff must be consistent. Decrease attention spam
- decrease stimuli
- limit group activities
- remove hazards
- structured schedules
- keep snacks available
- weigh daily
- walk with clients during meals
- don’t argue or try to reason
When a client’s focus is inward on their own world, they have disorganized thoughts, rapid thoughts, jump from idea to idea, echolalia, neologism, concrete thinking, delusional, hallucinating, child-like manners, religiosity
Schizophrenia
What is meant by Echolalia
Hearing something and repeating it over and over
What is neologism
Making up new words
What should a nurse do for a schizophrenia person
Decrease stimuli Observe frequently without looking suspicious orient frequently keep conversations reality based make sure personal needs are met
When assessing a suicide patient you must ask
Do you have a plan
what is the plan
how lethal is the plan
do you have access to the plan
What should you watch out for with a suicidal patient
Isolating themselves
writing a will
collecting harmful objects
giving away belongings
What should a nurse do for a patient that is suicidal
- provide safe environment
- safe-proof room
- contract to postopone
- direct, closed ended statements
- re-channel anger-> through exercise
- Stay calm–> anxiety is contagious
What are some important things to remember with restraints
- Check them every 15 munutes; remember, hydration, elimination and nutrition
- Stay away from Restraints
- Observation at 15-30 minute intervals or 1-1 if client not safe
When a person is always suspicious, guarded, pathologically jealous, hypersensitive, can’t relax, they have no humor are unemotional, craves recognition, reacts with rage..
this person has paranoia
Treatment for paranoia
Be reliable Brief visits Be careful with touch Respect they're personal space avoid whispering don't mix their meds be matter-of fact always ID meds eating sealed foods need consistency in nurses no competitive activities and be honest
When does anxiety become a disorder
When it starts to interfere with our day to day living
When someone has mild anxiety what does it do to our activity level
Increases it
When someone has severe anxiety what does it do to our activity level
decreases it
What can the nurse do for a client who is highly anxious
Provide step by step instructions
What is it called when a person has chronic anxiety, fatigued due to anxiety is uncomfortable and seeks help
Generalized anxiety disorder
The treatment for generalized disorder is?
Short term use of anxiolytics
relaxation techniques
journaling
When someone has emotional numbness, difficulty with relationships, isolates themselves, and has a past exposure they have
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Treatment for PTSD
Support groups
Talking about experience
meds
When someone has obsession with recurrent thoughts, they act compulsively, can’t stop, come from an unconscious conflict/anxiety, need a structured schedule this person has
Obsessive compulsive disorder
What should we do for a patient with ocd
Give them time for their rituals
time delay techniques
relaxation techniques
medications such as SSRI or TCA
When a person uses dissociation as a coping mechanism to protect themselves from truama, and have periods of time that the client can’t remember. what is this called
Dissociative disorder
Treatment for dissociative disorder
Process trauma
medications to treat co-existing, depression,, anxiety
What stage of withdrawl is the client in if:
Mild tremors, nervous and nausea
Stage 1
What stage of withdrawl is the client in if increased tremors, hyeractive, nightmares, disorientation, hallucination increased pulse and BP
Stage II
What stage of withdrawl is the client in if severe hallucinations (visual and kinesthetics) Grand mal Seizures
Stage III
What stages are DT’s
II and III
What treatments are used for alcohol withdrawl
Anxiolytics (chlordiazepoxide)
Detox protocol: thiamine injections, multivitamins, magnesium
What are some complications due to Alcoholism
Korsakoff’s syndrome
Wernicke’s syndrome
When a person is disoriented to time; confabulate
Korsakoff’s syndrome
When a person has labile emotions, moody tire easily
Wernicke’s syndrome
When a person has peripheral neuritis, liver and pancreas problems, impotent, gastritis, loss of mg and K, denial and rationalism
S/S of alcoholism
What occurs in rehab for alcoholism
a) antabuse: deterrent to drinking
b) Sign of contract to stay away from cough syrups, aftershaves, colognes
c) 12 step program
d) Relapse prevention plan in place
e) family issues emerge once alcholic is sober
A person has distorted body image, is preoccupied with food but wont eat it, has amenorrhea, has decreased sexual deevelpment, exercises and lose weight, uses intelectualization as a defence mechanism, and is a high achiever and perfectionist
Anorexia
How do you treat a person wiht anorexia
Increase their weight gradually
monitor exercise routines
teach healthy eating habits and exercise
allow client input into choosing healthy food items for meals
limit activity and decisions if weight is low enough to be life threatening
When a person overeats–> vomit
their teeth start to decay, they use laxatives and diuretics, have a strict diet and exercises, binges when alone spens more time obtaining foods, is normal in weight and they feel like they are in control
Bulimia
A person with Bulimia how do you treat them
Sit with them at meals and observe for one hour after, allow 30 mins for each meal, focus on the foods. Self-esteem building is important
Someoneo with intense emotions, is manipulative, has suicidal gestures, self-mutilates, could be depressed, substance abuse, fear of abandonmenent, many negative relatioships, any relationship better than none and is sexually promiscuous> Who am I?
Has personality disorder
Treatment:
Improve Self Esteem, treat the co-diagnosis and provide them with relaxation techniques as well as enforce rules and limits. Don’t reinforce negative behaviors.
What are some of the things to consider when dealing with a person with phobia
The object that the person is scared of does not present them any danger.
You must build a trusting relationship
Desensitize over time
Don’t talk about the phobia a lot and follow-up with treatment
What are some of the things to consider when dealing with a person with panic disorder
Simple words, stay 6 feet away. Have to learn how to stop anxiety, teach that symptoms peak and 10 minutes, teach journaling to manage anxiety, helps client gain insight into peaks valleys of anxiety and triggers and uses relaxation techniques
What are some of the things to consider when dealing with a person with hallucinations
Warn them before touch don't say "they" Let the client know you don't share their perception stay connected with times of anxiety involve in an activity elevate head of bed turn off radia/ decrease stimuli offer reassurance, client is frightened
