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NCLEX > Psychiatric > Flashcards

Psychiatric Flashcards

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1
Q

A person has loss of interest, negative views of world, anhedonia, lost a spouse, has weight gain, used to cry but not anymore, has no energy is always irritable and can’t make simple decisions
What is this

A

Depression

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2
Q

What can you do for a person with depression

A 
Help them experience accomplishments
Careful with compliments
Prevent Isolation
Interact with others is good
Assess Suicide risk
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3
Q

Can a person with depression be delusional or hallucinating

A

Yes

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4
Q

A person in mild depression would they have insomnia or hypersomnia

A

Hypersomnia

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5
Q

A person in severe depression would they have insomnia or hyperinsomnia

A

insomnia

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6
Q

A person has a flight of ideas, they are emotionally labile and have a continious high, they have delusions of grandeur. They dress innapropriately, wont eat much have different sleep patterns, poor judgement, hypersexual and manipulative

A

Manic bipolar

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7
Q

What should a nurse do with a manic patient

A

Do not talk a lot about their delusions, let them know you accept them but you don’t believe in them. Maintain safety. set limits, staff must be consistent. Decrease attention spam

  • decrease stimuli
  • limit group activities
  • remove hazards
  • structured schedules
  • keep snacks available
  • weigh daily
  • walk with clients during meals
  • don’t argue or try to reason
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8
Q

When a client’s focus is inward on their own world, they have disorganized thoughts, rapid thoughts, jump from idea to idea, echolalia, neologism, concrete thinking, delusional, hallucinating, child-like manners, religiosity

A

Schizophrenia

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9
Q

What is meant by Echolalia

A

Hearing something and repeating it over and over

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10
Q

What is neologism

A

Making up new words

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11
Q

What should a nurse do for a schizophrenia person

A 
Decrease stimuli
Observe frequently without looking suspicious
orient frequently
keep conversations reality based
make sure personal needs are met
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12
Q

When assessing a suicide patient you must ask

A

Do you have a plan
what is the plan
how lethal is the plan
do you have access to the plan

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13
Q

What should you watch out for with a suicidal patient

A

Isolating themselves
writing a will
collecting harmful objects
giving away belongings

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14
Q

What should a nurse do for a patient that is suicidal

A
  1. provide safe environment
  2. safe-proof room
  3. contract to postopone
  4. direct, closed ended statements
  5. re-channel anger-> through exercise
  6. Stay calm–> anxiety is contagious
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15
Q

What are some important things to remember with restraints

A
  1. Check them every 15 munutes; remember, hydration, elimination and nutrition
  2. Stay away from Restraints
  3. Observation at 15-30 minute intervals or 1-1 if client not safe
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16
Q

When a person is always suspicious, guarded, pathologically jealous, hypersensitive, can’t relax, they have no humor are unemotional, craves recognition, reacts with rage..

A

this person has paranoia

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17
Q

Treatment for paranoia

A 
Be reliable
Brief visits
Be careful with touch
Respect they're personal space
avoid whispering
don't mix their meds
be matter-of fact
always ID meds
eating sealed foods
need consistency in nurses
no competitive activities
and be  honest
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18
Q

When does anxiety become a disorder

A

When it starts to interfere with our day to day living

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19
Q

When someone has mild anxiety what does it do to our activity level

A

Increases it

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20
Q

When someone has severe anxiety what does it do to our activity level

A

decreases it

21
Q

What can the nurse do for a client who is highly anxious

A

Provide step by step instructions

22
Q

What is it called when a person has chronic anxiety, fatigued due to anxiety is uncomfortable and seeks help

A

Generalized anxiety disorder

23
Q

The treatment for generalized disorder is?

A

Short term use of anxiolytics
relaxation techniques
journaling

24
Q

When someone has emotional numbness, difficulty with relationships, isolates themselves, and has a past exposure they have

A

Post-traumatic stress disorder

25
Q

Treatment for PTSD

A

Support groups
Talking about experience
meds

26
Q

When someone has obsession with recurrent thoughts, they act compulsively, can’t stop, come from an unconscious conflict/anxiety, need a structured schedule this person has

A

Obsessive compulsive disorder

27
Q

What should we do for a patient with ocd

A

Give them time for their rituals
time delay techniques
relaxation techniques
medications such as SSRI or TCA

28
Q

When a person uses dissociation as a coping mechanism to protect themselves from truama, and have periods of time that the client can’t remember. what is this called

A

Dissociative disorder

29
Q

Treatment for dissociative disorder

A

Process trauma

medications to treat co-existing, depression,, anxiety

30
Q

What stage of withdrawl is the client in if:

Mild tremors, nervous and nausea

A

Stage 1

31
Q

What stage of withdrawl is the client in if increased tremors, hyeractive, nightmares, disorientation, hallucination increased pulse and BP

A

Stage II

32
Q

What stage of withdrawl is the client in if severe hallucinations (visual and kinesthetics) Grand mal Seizures

A

Stage III

33
Q

What stages are DT’s

A

II and III

34
Q

What treatments are used for alcohol withdrawl

A

Anxiolytics (chlordiazepoxide)

Detox protocol: thiamine injections, multivitamins, magnesium

35
Q

What are some complications due to Alcoholism

A

Korsakoff’s syndrome

Wernicke’s syndrome

36
Q

When a person is disoriented to time; confabulate

A

Korsakoff’s syndrome

37
Q

When a person has labile emotions, moody tire easily

A

Wernicke’s syndrome

38
Q

When a person has peripheral neuritis, liver and pancreas problems, impotent, gastritis, loss of mg and K, denial and rationalism

A

S/S of alcoholism

39
Q

What occurs in rehab for alcoholism

A

a) antabuse: deterrent to drinking
b) Sign of contract to stay away from cough syrups, aftershaves, colognes
c) 12 step program
d) Relapse prevention plan in place
e) family issues emerge once alcholic is sober

40
Q

A person has distorted body image, is preoccupied with food but wont eat it, has amenorrhea, has decreased sexual deevelpment, exercises and lose weight, uses intelectualization as a defence mechanism, and is a high achiever and perfectionist

A

Anorexia

41
Q

How do you treat a person wiht anorexia

A

Increase their weight gradually
monitor exercise routines
teach healthy eating habits and exercise
allow client input into choosing healthy food items for meals
limit activity and decisions if weight is low enough to be life threatening

42
Q

When a person overeats–> vomit
their teeth start to decay, they use laxatives and diuretics, have a strict diet and exercises, binges when alone spens more time obtaining foods, is normal in weight and they feel like they are in control

A

Bulimia

43
Q

A person with Bulimia how do you treat them

A

Sit with them at meals and observe for one hour after, allow 30 mins for each meal, focus on the foods. Self-esteem building is important

44
Q

Someoneo with intense emotions, is manipulative, has suicidal gestures, self-mutilates, could be depressed, substance abuse, fear of abandonmenent, many negative relatioships, any relationship better than none and is sexually promiscuous> Who am I?

A

Has personality disorder

45
Q

Treatment:

A

Improve Self Esteem, treat the co-diagnosis and provide them with relaxation techniques as well as enforce rules and limits. Don’t reinforce negative behaviors.

46
Q

What are some of the things to consider when dealing with a person with phobia

A

The object that the person is scared of does not present them any danger.
You must build a trusting relationship
Desensitize over time
Don’t talk about the phobia a lot and follow-up with treatment

47
Q

What are some of the things to consider when dealing with a person with panic disorder

A

Simple words, stay 6 feet away. Have to learn how to stop anxiety, teach that symptoms peak and 10 minutes, teach journaling to manage anxiety, helps client gain insight into peaks valleys of anxiety and triggers and uses relaxation techniques

48
Q

What are some of the things to consider when dealing with a person with hallucinations

A 
Warn them before touch
don't say "they"
Let the client know you don't share their perception
stay connected with times of anxiety
involve in an activity
elevate head of bed
turn off radia/ decrease stimuli
offer reassurance, client is frightened

NCLEX (21 decks)

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