Endocrine

Question 1

What three hormones does the thyroid gland produce

Answer 1

T3
T4
Calcitonin

Question 2

What is the function of calcitonin

Answer 2

Calcitonin decreases Serum Ca+ in the blood by transporting it back into the bones

Question 3

What do you need to make the hormones produced in the thyroid

Answer 3

Iodine

Question 4

What symptom results from hyperthyroid

Answer 4

Grave’s disease

Question 5

What symptoms result from hypothyroid

Answer 5

Myexedema

Question 6

Too much parathormone causes serum calcium to

Answer 6

increase

Question 7

Too little parathormone causes serum calcium to

Answer 7

decrease

Question 8

Adrenal Glands help handle

Answer 8

Stress

Question 9

What are the two parts to the adrenal glands

Answer 9

Cortex and medulla

Question 10

What is the VMA

Answer 10

it is Vanillylmandelic test: 24 hour urine speciment to look for increased levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 11

With a 24 hour test what are you doing

Answer 11

You throw away the first sample and keep the last one in the 24 hours

Question 12

What does the adrenal cortex consist of

Answer 12

Glucocorticoids
mineralcorticoids
sex hormones

Question 13

What are the functions of glucocorticoids

Answer 13

They are your stress hormones:
Change mood
Alter defence mechanism
breakdown fat and protein
Inhibit Insulin

Question 14

What is the function of a mineralcorticoid

Answer 14

make you retain sodium and water

make you lose potassium

Question 15

When you do not have enough glucocorticoids, mineralcorticoids or sex hormones you have..

Answer 15

Addison’s disease

Question 16

What does steroids do to calcium in the blood

Answer 16

it decreases it because it excretes it through GI

Question 17

When should we screen moms for gestational diabetes

Answer 17

24-28 weeks

Question 18

If a mom has risk factors for Gestational diabetes when should we screen

Answer 18

At initial visit and at prenatal visit

Question 19

What are some complications for gestational diabetes for baby

Answer 19

Increased weight and hypoglycemia

Question 20

What diet should be considered for diabetic patients

Answer 20

Complex carbs, fats and then protein
High fats keep sugar steady
High fiber slows glucose absorption

Question 21

When should a diabetic exercise

Answer 21

When blood sugar is normalized
after eating
when BS is at it’s highest and the same time and amount a day

Question 22

How do oral hypoglycemic agents work

Answer 22

they stimulate the pancreas to make insulin

Question 23

The HbA1C gives you an average of BS for how long

Answer 23

3 months

Question 24

Alternative methods to insulin injection

Answer 24

Only Rapid acting insulin is used in infusion pump

Question 25

If a person has hypoglycemia what should they do

Answer 25

Eat and drink simple sugars

Question 26

Can food delays glucose absorption

Answer 26

fat

Question 27

Once blood sugars are up what should a patient do in a hypoglycemia state

Answer 27

Eat protein and complex carb

Question 28

What should you teach a client to prevent hypoglycemia

Answer 28

Eat on a regular basis Take insulin on a regular basis Know the S/S of hypoglycemia Check BS on a regular basis

Question 29

What is the main difference with DKA and HHNK or HHS

Answer 29

No acidosis in HHNK or HHS

Question 30

How do you get acidosis in DKA

Answer 30

Absent or inadequate insuilin-> increased sugar--> 3P's-->Fat breakdown Ketones (acidosis)--> Kussmal resp

Question 31

What are the complications related to Diabetes

Answer 31

``` A. DKA B. HHNK or HHS C. Vascular damage -vascular damage -diabetic retinopathy -nephropathy, D. Neuropathy- decreased sensation, numbness, incontinence, gastroparesis E. Increased risk for infection ```