Maternity Flashcards
What weeks are first trimester
Week 1-13
What are the 3 signs of pregnancy
- Presumptive
- Probable Signs
- Positive Signs of pregnancy
What are the S/S of Presumptive signs of pregnancy
Amenorrhea
N/V
Frequency- very 1st signs
Breast tenderness r/t excess hormones
What is the name of the hormone that causes amenorrhea
Progesterone
Trying to get pregnant when should you have sex
Keep a temperature chart and anticipate when temperature is going up
Every other day
What are other conditions that can increase hcG
hydatidiform mole, drugs
What sign of pregnancy does a hcg presence indicate
probable signs
What sign of pregnancy does a goodell’s sign indicate
Probable sign and gooodell is the softening of cervix
What sign of pregnancy does a Chadwick’s sign indicate
Probable sign and it is when there is bluish color of vaginal mucosa and cervix; 4 weeks
What sign of pregnancy does a Hegar’s sign occur
Probable sign, it is when there is softening of the lower uterine segment; 2nd 3rd month
What sign of pregnancy does a uterine contraction occur
Probable sign
When does Braxton contractions occur
Through out pregnancy-good helps move blood through the placenta
What sign of pregnancy does pigmentation/changes of skin occur
Probable sign of pregnancy
What are common pigmentation/changes of skin
Linea Nigra
Abdominal striae-stretch marks
Facial chloasma (mask of pregnancy)
Darkening of areloar (around nipple)
the positive signs of pregnancy -Fetal heart beat Fetoscope Fetal movement Ultrasound
the positive signs of pregnancy
What week do you hear the doppler heartbeat
3-12 weeks
What week do you use a fetoscope
17-20 weeks
The # of times someone has been pregnant is called what?
Gravidity
The # of pregnancies someone has had and fetus has reached 20 weeks is called what?
Parity
What is viability
It’s when the baby has reached 24 and beyond weeks and the infant has the ability to live outside the uterus
Is a 20 week baby considered to be viable
No
Parity TPAL
T=Term
P=Preterm
A=Abortion
L=Living children
Naegele’s rule
1st day of the lmp, add 7 days, minus 3 months and one year
What are some client teachings regarding nutrition when pregnant
- talk about the 4 food groups
- Tell them to increase calories by 300 per day after first trimester
- Adolescents should increase calories to 500 per day after first trimester
- Increase protein to 60 grams per day
What about weight gain in the first trimester, what do you tell your patient to expect with pregnancy
You will expect to gain 4 pounds in the first trimester
What do you explain to your patient regarding prenatal vitamins
take iron even though it causes constipation
take iron with vit c
folic acid prevents neural tube defects- spinabifida
Prenatal vitamins take 400mcg/day
What do you explain to your patients regarding exercise
No high impact, only swimming and walking
No heavy or unaccustomed exercise program
No overheating
Don’t let your heart rate go above 140
With heart rate over 140 what are you worried about
Cardiac output and uterine perfusion
Should you worry about: Sudden gush of vaginal fluid Bleeding Persistent vomitting Severe headache Abdominal pain increased temp edema no fetal movement
Yes worry, its danger sign
Should you worry about: varicose veins ankle edema hemorrhoids constipation backache Leg cramps
No, it’s common
Should you worry about N/V breast tenderness frequency tender gums fatigue heartburn increased vaginal secretions nasal stuffiness
No, it’s common
What are you telling your patient about medications while pregnant
Talk to your doctor first
In the first 28 weeks how often should a client visit a physician
Once a month
In 28-36 weeks how often should a client visit a physician
Every 2 weeks
In 36 weeks how often should a client visit a physician
Weekly until delivery
Before an ultrasound what should you tell them to do, why
Drink water to distend bladder, it pushes uterus to abdominal surface
For a transvergenal u/s or prior to procedure what do you tell them to do
Void
Second trimester- what weeks
14-26
Weight gain expected, how much
Yes, 4 pounds/ month
Should your client be expecting
N/V, frequency and breast tenderness in 2 trimester
No to N/V and frequency but yes to breast tenderness
What is quickening
Fetal Movement
What is the normal fetal heart rate at 2nd trimester
120-160
Worry about fetal heart rate if?
110-120 worried and watching
Less than 110-panic
What do you teach about kegel exercise
it strengthens pubococcygeal muscles, stop urine flow and help prevent uterine prolapse
When is pregnancy considered term
37-40 weeks
What weeks are the 3 trimester in
27-40 weeks
What do you expect to assess in the 3rd trimester
- weight gain-no more than a pound a week
- monitor and report increased in BP- PIH
- Fetal heart rate-120-160
- Fetal Presentation/position
What do you use to determine fetal position/presentation and ask client to do what before doing this
Leopold Manuevers, void
If the client is having contractions when should you do leopold manuevers at?
Between Contractions
What are some signs of labor
Lightening
Engangement
Fetal stations
What is lightening
Usually occurs 2 weeks before term, when presenting part descends to pelivs- frequency is seen
What is engagement
When the largest part of the fetus is in the pelvic inlet– hopefully head
When membranes rupture we have to think what
Prolapse cord, if head is not engaged
What is fetal station
It is a measurement; measured in cm, and it measures the relationship of the presenting part of the fetus to the ischial spine of mom
What are some other signs of labor
Braxton hicks contraction Softening of cervix bloody show (Not heavy bleeding) Sudden burst of energy called nesting diarrhea rupture of membranes and sudden burst of energy