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MS3 > Psych 8 > Flashcards

Psych 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Diagnostic criteria/time frame for panic attacks

A

♣ Recurrent unexpected panic attacks (periods of intense fear and discomfort) without an identifiable trigger
♣ One or more panic attacks followed by > 1 month of continuous worry about future attacks

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2
Q

Tx of specific phobia

A

Exposure therapy

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3
Q

Tx of social phobia related to performance anxiety

A

Beta blockers or short acting benzos prn

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4
Q

Tx for general social anxiety disorder

A

First line = SSRI/SNRI

Benzos PRN

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5
Q

Tx of OCD

A

SSRI - requires higher doses than needed to treat depression

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6
Q

Tx of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

A

SSRI, Buspirone, TCAs, short-term benzos

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7
Q

Tx of Panic disorder

A
  • First line = SSRI
  • Can switch to TCA if SSRI not effective
  • Benzos until SSRI kicks in + PRN
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8
Q

Defense mechanism:

  • Consciously replacing an unacceptable wish with a similar but acceptable course of action
  • E.g. Redirection of aggression towards father into sports
A

Sublimation

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9
Q
  • Alleviating negative feelings via unsolicited generosity

- E.g. Mafia boss donates to charity

A

Altruism

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10
Q
  • Intentionally withholding idea or feeling from awareness temporarily
  • E.g. Don’t worry about big game until it’s time to play
A

Suppression

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11
Q
  • Appreciating amusing nature of anxiety-provoking situation
  • Expressing unpleasant or uncomfortable feelings without causing discomfort to self or others
A

Humor

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12
Q

• Regulating situations and events of external environment to relieve anxiety

A

Controlling

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13
Q
  • Transferring avoided feeling or ideas to a neutral person
  • Shifting emotions from an undesirable situation to one that is personally tolerable
  • E.g. Father yells at child because his boss yelled at him
A

Displacement

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14
Q
  • Avoiding negative feelings by excessive use of intellectual functions and by focusing on irrelevant details
  • E.g. Physician dying from cancer describe the pathophysiology of his disease in detail to his 12-year-old son
A

Intellectualization

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15
Q
  • Separating feelings from ideas and events
  • Unconsciously limiting the experience of feelings or emotions associated with a stressful life event in order to avoid anxiety
  • E.g. Describing murder in detail without an emotional response
A

Isolation of affect

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16
Q
  • Explanations of an event in order to justify outcomes or behaviors and to make them acceptable
  • E.g. My boss fired me because she is not meeting her quota, not because I am underperforming
A

Rationalization

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17
Q
  • Unconsciously replacing warded-off feelings by emphasis on its opposite
  • Doing the opposite of an unacceptable impulse
  • E.g. Really sexual person becomes a monk
  • E.g. Man in love with his married coworker insults her
A

Reaction formation

18
Q
  • Involuntarily withholding an idea or feeling from consciousness
  • E.g. Child does not remember sexual abuse
A

Suppression

19
Q
  • Giving in to an impulse, even if socially inappropriate, in order to avoid the anxiety of suppressing that impulse
  • E.g. Man who has been told his therapist is going on vacation “forgets” his last appointment and skips it
A

Acting out

20
Q
  • Not accepting reality that is too painful

* E.g. Woman scheduled for breast biopsy cancels appointment because she believes she is healthy

A

Denial

21
Q
  • Performing behaviors from an earlier stage of development in order to avoid tension associated with current phase of development
  • E.g. Adult bring teddy bear when they have to spend the night in the hospital
A

Regression

22
Q
  • Attributing unacceptable internal impulses to an external source
  • E.g. Accusing wife of cheating because of your desire to cheat
A

Projection

23
Q
  • Modeling behavior after another person who is more powerful
  • E.g. Abused child becomes an abuser
A

Identification

24
Q
  • Labeling people as all good or all bad

* Often seen in borderline personality disorder

A

Splitting

25
Q
  • Attempting to reverse a situation by adopting a new behavior
  • E.g. Man who has had a brief fantasy of killing his wife by sabotaging her car takes the car in for a complete checkup
A

Undoing

26
Q

What is psychoanalysis

A

♣ Goal is resolve unconscious conflicts by bringing repressed experiences and feelings into awareness and integrating them into the patient’s conscious experience
♣ Best suited patients: not psychotic, intelligent, and stable in relationships and daily living

27
Q

What disorders do psychoanalysis work best for

A
  • Cluster B and C personality disorders
  • Anxiety disorders
  • Problems coping with life events
  • Sexual disorders
  • Persistent depressive disorder
28
Q

What is transference

A

o Projection of unconscious feelings regarding important figures in the patient’s life onto the therapist
o E.g. Patient with repressed feeling of abandonment by her father becomes angry when therapist is late for appointment

29
Q

What is counter-transference

A

o Projection of unconscious feelings about import figures in therapist’s life on the patient
o Therapist must be aware of this so as not to let it interfere with objectivity

30
Q

What is behavioral therapy

A

♣ Seeks to treat psychiatric disorders by helping patients change behaviors that contribute to their symptoms

31
Q

What are the theories that suggest how behaviors are learned

A
  • Classical conditioning = A stimulus can evoke a conditioned response (e.g. Pavlov’s dog)
  • Operant conditioning
    = Behaviors can be learned when followed by positive or negative reinforcement (e.g. rat learns to press lever when it receives food)
32
Q

What is systematic desensitizon

A

o Patient performs relaxation techniques while being exposed to increasing doses of an anxiety-provoking stimulus

33
Q

What is flooding and implosion

A

o Through habituation, the patient is confronted with a real (flooding) or imagined (implosion) anxiety-provoking stimulus and not allowed to withdraw from it until he or she feels calm and in control
o E.g. a patient with fear of flying is forced to fly on an airplane

34
Q

What is aversion therapy

A

o A negative stimulus (e.g. electric shock) is repeatedly paired with specific behavior to create an unpleasant response
o Used to treat addictions or paraphilia (e.g. Antabuse for alcoholics)

35
Q

What is token economy

A

o Rewards are given after specific behaviors to positively reinforce them

36
Q

What is biofeedback

A

o Physiological data (such as HR and BP) are given to patients as they try to mentally control physiological states
o Can be used to treat anxiety disorders, migraines, hypertension, chronic pain, asthma, and incontinence

37
Q

What is cognitive therapy

A

♣ Seeks to correct faulty assumptions and negative feelings that exacerbate psychiatric symptoms
♣ The patient is taught to identify maladaptive thoughts and replace them with positive ones

38
Q

What is CBT

A

♣ Focuses on patient’s current symptoms and problems by examining the connection between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

39
Q

Tx of borderline personality disorder

A

DBT

40
Q

What is DBT

A

♣ A form of CBT that is effective in reducing the urges to engage in self-harm behavior and reduces hospitalizations in patients with borderline personality disorder

41
Q

4 components of DBT

A
  • Mindfulness = being fully aware and present in the moment
  • Distress Tolerance = tolerating pain in difficult situations
  • Interpersonal Effectiveness = how to ask for what you want and say no while maintaining self-respect and relationships with others
  • Emotion Regulation = changing emotions that you want to change

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