Psych 11 Flashcards
Describe id, ego, and superego
Id = instinctual drives
Ego = finds equilibrium between gratification of instinctual drives and the rules of society
Superego = contains internalized parental and societal rules and dictates to the ego what is not to be done
Describe “undoing” defense mechanism
- Attempting to reverse a situation by adopting a new behavior
- E.g. Man who has had a brief fantasy of killing his wife by sabotaging her car takes the car in for a complete checkup
What is Ritalin
Methylphenidate - for ADHD
What is Adderall
Dextroamphetamine
Describe presentation of frontotemporal lobe dementia
Early personality changes
Late dementia
Describe partial complex seizure
Altered state of consciousness, usually manifested by staring, is accompanied by hallucinations (olfactory are common), automatisms (buttoning and unbuttoning, masticatory movements, speech automatisms), perceptual alterations (objects changing shape or size), complex verbalizations
Cushing syndrome (from exogenous corticosteroids), often manifests in which psychiatric disorders?
Depression and mixed anxiety and depressive state
What can be used to treat psychotic symptoms of a delirious patient
Haloperidol
Want to avoid benzos or antipsychotics with anticholinergic effects
Transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Most cases are iatrogenic, following transplant of infected corneas or use of contaminated neurosurgical instruments
What is the point of breathing into a paper bag when you are hyperventilating?
To avoid hypercapnia, which is what end up leading to all the downstream effects
Presentation of temporal lobe epilepsy
- Bizarre behavior, often without classic grand mal shaking movements
- Characterized by hypo-sexuality, emotional intensity and a perseverative approach to interactions, termed viscosity
Presentation of Wernicke vs. Korsakoff syndrome
♣ Due to Thiamine deficiency
Wernicke = ataxia, confusion, ocular abnormalities (nystagmus, gaze palsies)
Korsakoff = anterograde and retrograde amnesia, compensatory confabulation
Tx of somatic sx disorder
Have the patient see a primary care physician at regular intervals
What is the most common cause of delirium in the eldery
Multiple medications
Which anti-cholinesterase is first line for cognitive dysfuncition in Alzheimers?
Donepezil = most well tolerated
Tumors of which brain lobe are associated with homonymous hemianopia
Occipital lobe
Tumors of which brain lobe are associated with olfactory and other unusual hallucinations, derealization episodes, mood lability, irritability, anger, and behavioral dyscontrol
Temporal lobe
What lab test can be helpful in diagnosing non-epileptic seizures
Prolactin
Epileptic seizures cause and increase in prolactin and nonepileptic seizures do not
Displacement vs. Projection
Projection = Attributing unacceptable internal impulses to an external source
Displacement = Transferring avoided feeling or ideas to a neutral person
What are effective family interventions for schizophrenic patients
Teaching family members about schizophrenia, emphasizing the importance of keeping interpersonal communication at a low emotional quotient, and helping the family learn more adaptive ways to cope with stress
What does extinction refer to?
The progressive disappearance of a behavior or a symptom when the expected consequence does not happen
What do you do if a patient on Clozapine experiences mild leukopenia?
Monitor closely - twice weekly CBC test. Continue clozapine
What do you do if a patient on Clozapine experiences severe leukopenia
Stop Clozapine. Daily CBC. Clozapine may be reinstated after the WBCs normalize
Uses of St. Johns wort
Antidepressant, sedative, anxiolytic
