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MS3 > Psych 5 > Flashcards

Psych 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 clusters of personality disorders?

A

Cluster A = weird
Cluster B = wild (B = bad)
Cluster C = worried

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2
Q

What are the 3 types of Cluster A

A

Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal

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3
Q

What are the 4 types of Cluster B

A

Antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic

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4
Q

What are the 3 types of Cluster C

A

Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive-compulsive

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5
Q

Tx of personality disorders

A

Very difficult to treat because patients are not aware they need help

Psychotherapy is usually most helpful

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6
Q

Personality disorder: emotional, sexual, attention seeking

A

Histrionic

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7
Q

PD: eccentric, magical thinking

A

Schizotypal

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8
Q

PD: grandiosity, lack of empathy, demands the “best”

A

Narcissistic

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9
Q

PD: voluntarily avoidant and content with social isolation

A

Schizoid

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10
Q

PD: hypersensitive to rejection, socially timid but desires relationships with others

A

Avoidant

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11
Q

PD: suspicious, distrusting, hypervigilant

A

Paranoid

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12
Q

PD: disregard for and violation of rights of others without guilt or remorse; criminal; impulsive

A

Antisocial

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13
Q

PD: want things perfectly but don’t see a problem with it

A

Obsessive-compulsive

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14
Q

PD: unstable, self-mutilation, suicidal, use splitting as major defense mechanism, unstable and intense personal relationships

A

Borderline

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15
Q

PD: submissive and clingy

A

Dependent

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16
Q

Diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia

A

2 or more of the following must be present for at least 1 month:

  • Delusions
  • Hallucinations
  • Disorganized speech
  • Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
  • Negative sx
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17
Q

Describe a person with antisocial personality disorder

A

Exploitive of others and break the rules to meet their own needs. Lack empathy and remorse. Impulsive, deceitful and violate the law. Skilled at reading social cues and can appear charming and normal to others

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18
Q

Diagnose a 15 y/o with all signs of antisocial personality disorder

A

Conduct disorder (must be 18 y/o to be diagnosed with Antisocial personality disorder)

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19
Q

Tx of choice for borderline personality disorder

A

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)

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20
Q

At what blood alcohol level (BAL) do signs of intoxication begin

A

BAL > 100 = some signs of intoxication

BAL > 150 = obvious signs of intoxication

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21
Q

How long does it take to for symptoms for alcohol withdrawal to begin

A

6-24 hours

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22
Q

At what point of alcohol withdrawal do seizures occur

A

12-48 hours

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23
Q

At what point of alcohol withdrawal does delirium tremens occur?

A

48-96 hours

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24
Q

Tx of alcohol withdrawal seizures

A

Benzodiazepines (e.g. Ativan/Lorazepam)

25
Q

Sx of delirium tremens

A

Delirium, hallucinations, agitation, gross tremor, autonomic instability, fluctuating levels of psychomotor activity

26
Q

Tx of delirium tremens

A

Benzos

27
Q

What supplements should be given to a pt with alcohol withdrawal

A

Thiamine, folic acid, and multivitamin to treat nutritional deficiency (“banana bag”)

28
Q

How many average drinks per day / per week = heavy drinking for men

A

> 4 drinks / day

> 14 drinks / week

29
Q

How many average drinks per day / per week = heavy drinking for women

A

> 3 drinks / day

> 7 drinks / week

30
Q

First line tx for alcohol use disorder

A

Naltrexone (opioid receptor blocker, decreases desire/craving and “high” from alcohol)

31
Q

What is potential fear of Naltrexone use

A

Will precipitate withdrawal in patients with dependence

32
Q

How does Disulfiram/Antabuse work?

A

Blocks aldehyde dehydrogenase, causing aversion to alcohol

33
Q

How does Topiramate work?

A

Anticonvulsant that potentiates GABA and inhibits glutamate receptors

Reduces cravings for alcohol and decreases alcohol use

34
Q

Describe presentation of Wernicke’s encephalopathy

A

Ataxia, confusion, ocular abnormalities

Can be reversed with Thiamine therapy

35
Q

Describe presentation of Korsakoff syndrome

A

Impaired recent memory, anterograde amnesia, compensatory confabulation

Reversible in only about 20% of pts

36
Q

How can cocaine intoxication lead to death?

A

Vasoconstrictive effect may result in MI, intracranial hemorrhage, or stroke

37
Q

What are other dangerous effects of cocaine intoxication

A

Respiratory depression, seizures, arrhythmias, hyperthermia, paranoia, hallucinations

38
Q

Sx of cocaine withdrawal

A

“Crash” = fatigue, hypersomnolence, depression, anhedonia, hunger, constricted pupils, vivid dreams, psychomotor agitation or retardation

39
Q

Dangers of amphetamine overdose

A

Hyperthermia, dehydration (especially after dancing), rhabdomyolysis, renal failure

40
Q

Tx of amphetamine overdose

A

Rehydrate, correct electrolyte balance, treat hyperthermia

41
Q

MOA of Phencyclidine

A

PCP is a dissociative, hallucinogenic drug that antagonizes NMDA receptors

42
Q

Presentation of PCP intoxication

A

Agitation, depersonalization, hallucinations, synesthesia (one sensory stimuli evokes another), impaired judgement, memory impairment, assaultiveness, nystagmus, ataxia, HTN, tachycardia,high tolerance to pain

43
Q

Dangers of PCP overdose

A

Seizures, delirium, coma, death

44
Q

Describe withdrawal of PCP

A

No withdrawal syndrome, but “flashbacks: can occur (recurrence of intoxication due to release of drug from lipid stores)

45
Q

Tx of barbiturate overdose

A

ABCs, activated charcoal to prevent further absorption

Alkalanize urine with NaHCO3 to promote renal excretion

46
Q

Tx of benzo overdose

A

ABCs, activated charcoal

Flumazenil

47
Q

Tx of barb or benzo withdrawal

A

Benzo taper

48
Q

What type of drug is heroin?

A

Opioid

49
Q

Clinical presentation of opioid intoxication

A

Drowsiness, nausea/vomiting, constipation, slurred speech, constricted pupils, seizures, respiratory depression

50
Q

Tx of opioid overdose

A

Naloxone (opioid antagonist)

Will improve respiratory depression but may cause severe withdrawal

51
Q

Name 3 drugs used to treat opioid use disorder

A

(1) Methadone
(2) Buprenorphine
(3) Naltrexone

52
Q

MOA of Methadone

A

Long-acting opioid receptor agonist

53
Q

MOA of Buprenorphine

A

Partial opioid receptor agonist

54
Q

MOA of Naltrexon

A

Competitive opioid antagonist

Can precipitate withdrawal if used within 7 days of heroin use

55
Q

Withdrawal sx of opiates

A

NOT life-threatening

Anxiety, insomnia, anorexia, fever, rhinitis, piloerection, sweating, lacrimation, yawning

56
Q

Withdrawal sx of hallucinogens

A

None. But long-term LSD use may cause “flashbacks”

57
Q

Sx of marijuana overdose

A

No overdose symptoms

Can cause cannabis-induced psychotic disorder with paranoia, hallucinations, and/or delusions

58
Q

Withdrawal sx of marijuana

A

Irritability, anxiety, restlessness, aggression, strange dreams, depression, headaches, sweating, chills, insomnia, and decreased appetite

59
Q

Tx of Nicotine dependence

A

Varenicline/Chantix = nicotinic cholinergic receptor partial agonist

Bupropion = antidepressant that is an inhibitor of dopamine and NE reuptake

MS3 (88 decks)

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