PSYCH 1 Flashcards
emotional or behavioral responses to a stressful event that develop within 3 months after the onset of a stressor, and the patient’s reaction must be in excess of what would be expected given the nature of the event.
Adjustment disorder.
If the event involves the loss of a significant family member then Bereavement is the dx.
This withdrawal is diagnosed when three or more of the following occur: dysphoric mood, nausea or vomiting, myalgias, lacrimation, rhinorrhea, pupillary dilation, piloerection, sweating, diarrhea, yawning, fever, and insomnia.
Opioid
is characterized by abnormalities or deficits of motor or sensory function that are not medically explained, such as blindness, seizure, paresis, paralysis, tremors, aphonia or anesthesia. Classically symptoms occur suddenly following a psychosocial stressor and are non-painful.
Conversion disorder
First-line tx for bulimia?
CBT
characterized by physical complaints from various organ systems. Diagnostic criteria include a history of one or more symptoms associated with excessive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, such as devoting significant time and energy to the health concerns or persistent thoughts or anxiety about the symptoms or the patient’s general health. The physical complaints cause significant impairment in the patient’s life, including occupational and social functioning. While symptoms may change, the disorder is persistent, usually lasting more than six months. Symptom are not fully explained by a confirmed medical condition. Impulsive and demanding behavior, such as requesting specific diagnostic testing, may occur with patients who meet criteria for this disorder, however there is no evidence that the patient is being deceptive.
Somatic symptom disorder
a subtype of dissociative amnesia in DSM-5 and is characterized by sudden unexpected travel or wandering in a dissociated state. Dissociative amnesia is a potentially reversible memory impairment that primarily affects autobiographical memory. Patients with the disorder cannot recall important personal information and it usually occurs after traumatic or stressful event such as physical injury, sexual abuse or combat.
Dissociative fugue
How does Panic attack evolve into panic disorder?
When an isolated episode of these changes occurs it is considered a panic attack. When there is fear of future attacks or if there is a change in behavior in an attempt to try to prevent future attacks, it is then considered panic disorder.
Patients with this disorder tend to be excessively emotional and overall demonstrate attention-seeking behavior. They want to be the center of attention. They often exaggerate (e.g. complaining of 10/10 pain although resting comfortably and talking on the phone), can be very flirtatious, overly dramatic and may be sexually seductive.
Histrionic personality disorder
What will you see in a cocaine OD?
Cocaine causes the release of dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. The greatest impact comes from adrenergic stimulation by norepinephrine and epinephrine. Norepinephrine causes vasoconstriction by stimulating alpha-adrenergic receptors on vascular smooth muscle. Epinephrine increases myocardial contractility and heart rate through stimulation of beta-1-adrenergic receptors. In addition to causing catecholamine release, the reuptake of these neurotransmitters is inhibited. Clinically, patients are usually hypertensive, tachycardic, and exhibit mydriatic pupils. In massive overdoses, cardiovascular collapse can result in shock and wide-complex dysrhythmias. CNS effects include seizures. Sympathomimetic toxidrome is sometimes difficult to distinguish from anticholinergic toxidrome. The difference is that patients usually present with dry mucous membranes with an anticholinergic overdose, whereas patients are diaphoretic with sympathomimetics. Treatment is usually supportive. Benzodiazepines should be administered for agitation, hypertension, and hyperthermia.
This is a patient with a long hx of medical records and and seep multiple clinicians. The individual feigns disease in an attempt to gain attention, sympathy, or reassurance. There is often a longstanding history of doctor and hospital shopping, frequent hospitalizations, and extensive medical records. They are generally well spoken, intelligent and able to communicate in medical jargon.
Factitious disorder
This personality disorder has a blatant disregard for the rights of others (e.g. stealing food trays and other people’s belongings) and violate social norms (e.g. urinating on the floor, smoking in a hospital bathroom) and have a lack of remorse for their actions. They often lie and manipulate situations (e.g. give a false identity). They are often aggressive (e.g. get into frequent altercations), irritable, and impulsive, which leads to frequent encounters with law enforcement.
Antisocial (Cluster B)
This personality disorder has symptoms of low self-esteem and desire for relationships which remains fruitless due to persistent fear of rejection. Other symptoms of avoidant personality disorder include a hypersensitivity to criticism and failure, often making patients unable to hold jobs and maintain relationships. Personality disorders in general are present in patients from the time of their childhood, and may have resulted in development of recurrent maladaptive behaviors to cope with impaired personality traits. When maladaptive coping skills eventually prove unable to allow the patient to navigate their responsibilities and relationships successfully, anxiety and depression often present.
Avoidant personality disorder
