ENT 1 Flashcards
Management for ectropion?
lubricating eye drops. Moisture shields.
Surgical correction if needed.
Tearing, tender, erythema of the medial canthal side of lower lid area.
Dacryocystitis
Tx for Dacryocystitis
warm compresses + clindamycin, or vancomycin +ceftriaxone.
If chronic or severe: dacryocystorhinostomy.
Inflammation of the eyelid margin. caused by staphy aureus. Eyelid is crusted, scaling and red-rimming of the eyelid. Flaking on the lashes or lid margins.
Blepharitis
Tx for Blepharitis?
Eyelid hygiene mainstay of treatment.
If severe topical azithromycin or erythromycin.
MC cause of hordeolum?
Staph aureus
Slow growing thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva. Yellow, slightly elevated nodule mc on nasal side of sclera near the limbal conjunctiva, does not grow onto the cornea.
Pinguecula
Managment of suspected ruptured globe?
Rigid eye shield to protect eye from applied pressure. FB’s to remain undisturbed. Emergent opth consult.
MC type of orbital blowout fracture.
inferior
Diplopia with upward gaze due to inferior rectus muscle entrapment, orbital emphysema.
Facial anesthesia to the anteromedial cheek.
Orbital floor blowout fracture
Treatment for orbital floor fracture.
Nasal decongestants, avoid blowing nose or sneezing.
Antibiotics, surgical repair.
Bilateral progressive central vision loss, including detailed and colored vision. Metamorphopsia (straight lines appear bent.
Common in older adults.
Macular degeneration
Drusen bodies - small round, yellow-white spots on he outer retina. They are localized deposits of extracellular material.
Dry atrophic macular degeneration.
New abnormal vessels that can cause retinal hemorrhaging and scaring.
Wet neovascular or exudative macular degeneration.
Tx for Macular degeneration
Dry: Zinc and antioxidant vitamines. Amsler grid at home.
Wet: intravitreal VEGF inhibitors Bevacizumab.
