Cardiology 5

Question 1

Restriction of ventricular diastolic filling.
Increased JVD, Kussmal’s sign.
Pericardial knock.

Answer 1

Constrictive pericarditis.

Question 2

What is the immediate non-cath treatment for RV infarct shown in ST elevation in leads II, III, AVF?

Answer 2

Intravenous fluid.
If the patient becomes preload dependent (essentially the right ventricle is impaired so there is “passive” flow into the left ventricle). When these patients become hypotensive, the immediate treatment is intravenous hydration to increase preload.

Question 3

Dilation of the ascending aorta is frequently associated with?

Answer 3

Bicuspid aortic valve.

Question 4

a congenital heart defect in which the tricuspid leaflets attach to the right ventricular wall, leading to a larger than normal right atrium and smaller than normal right ventricle. This is also commonly associated with an atrial septal defect, patent foramen ovale and the pre-excitation, re-entrant conduction defect of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.

Answer 4

Ebstein’s anomaly.

Question 5

What condition is associated with a pericardial knock?

Answer 5

Constrictive pericarditis

Question 6

is an acute presentation of sarcoidosis characterized by the triad of hilar adenopathy, erythema nodosum and polyarthralgia, with or without parenchymal infiltrates or fever, and is seen primarily in women

Answer 6

Löfgren syndrome

Question 7

flame hemorrhages, soft exudates on eye exam.

Answer 7

Cotton wool spots from HTN.

Question 8

Occurs when a left-to-right cardiac shunt, such as from a ventricular septal defect, switches direction to become a right-to-left cardiac shunt.

Answer 8

Eisenmenger syndrome

Question 9

Capture and fusion beats seen in…

Answer 9

V-tach

Question 10

Elective surgical correction of an asymptomatic AAA is offered to patients when an AAA grows..

Answer 10

AAA grows ≥ 5.5 cm, or grows more than 0.6 to 0.8 cm over 6 months.

Question 11

Tx for prinzemetal angina?

Answer 11

CCB’s like nicardipine, diltiazem, verapamil, amlodipine.

Avoid BB as they may lead to unopposed vasospasm.

Question 12

What is the first symptom of aortic stenosis?

Answer 12

Dyspnea followed by syncope and and angina.

Question 13

Progression of ischemic changes on an ECG?

Answer 13

1. Hyperacute T waves
2. J-point elevation
3. ST elevation
4. Q waves
5. Inverted T waves.

Question 14

Complication of Kawasaki disease?

Answer 14

coronary artery aneurysm

Question 15

Almost have of the patients with Giant cell arteritis will have what other condition?

Answer 15

Polymyalgia rheumatica