Proteins, Amino Acids, and Enzymes

Question 1

proteins

Answer 1

subunits: amino acids
importance: hormones, enzymes, transport
polymerized -> chains (polypeptides/proteins)

Question 2

r groups

Answer 2

gives unique properties and determines the chemical properties
eg: hydrophobic, polar, (-)(+)

Question 3

amino acids

Answer 3

eg glycine, proline

protein monomers, connected by peptide bonds thru dehydration synthesis

Question 4

4 levels of protein organization

Answer 4

primary: linear
secondary: pleated sheets, helices
tertiary: 3D shape of entire protein
quaternary: combo of 1(+) proteins

Question 5

nucleic acids

Answer 5

eg RNA and DNA

subunits: nucleotides

Question 6

components of nucleotides

Answer 6

phosphate, pentose sugar, bases

Question 7

5 bases

Answer 7

Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil

Question 8

RNA vs DNA

Answer 8

D: double helix, deoxyribose sugar, A-T/G-C
R: single stranded, ribose, A - U/G - C

Question 9

enzymes

Answer 9

almost always proteins
speeds up chemical reactions w/o being consumed
very specific (unique shape of active sites)

Question 10

enzyme-substrate complex

Answer 10

substrates + active sites -> substrates become products that are released