Breath

Question 1

why do we need to breathe oxygen?

Answer 1

by accepting e-‘s from metabolism, constant ATP production

Question 2

upper respiratory system

Answer 2

filters/warms/moistens air

-sinuses, nasal cavity, pharynx

Question 3

respiratory muscles

Answer 3

intercostal muscles, diaphragm

Question 4

lower respiratory systems

Answer 4

gas exchange

-epiglottis, larynx, lungs, trachea, bronchi(oles), alveoli

Question 5

trachea

Answer 5

lined w/mucus and cilia to help keep lungs clean

Question 6

pleura

Answer 6

membranes surrounding the lungs

-help keep them expanded

Question 7

alveoli

Answer 7

• great surface area
• surrounded by capillaries (gas exchange)
• surfactant to keep them firm and open

Question 8

inspiration/inhalation

Answer 8

active process; muscle (diaphragm/intercostal) contraction brings air into lungs

• thoracic cavity volume increases
• lungs’ air pressure decreases

Question 9

expiration/exhalation

Answer 9

passive process; muscles relax and expel air from lungs

• thoracic cavity volume decreases
• lungs’ air pressure increases

Question 10

medulla oblongata

Answer 10

breathing center in brain (autonomic)

Question 11

chemoreceptors in the carotid/aortic bodies and medulla oblongata

Answer 11

respond to rising to rising CO2 blood level + increased acidity + low O2

Question 12

exchange of gases in blood

Answer 12

• diffusion

- higher to lower partial pressure

Question 13

gas exchange between lung alveoli and blood capillaries (external)

Answer 13

• Pco2 lung capillaries > Pco2 air (plasma -> lungs)

- Po2 lung capillaries rbc’s)

Question 14

gas exchange between capillaries and tissues

Answer 14

• Pco2 tissue > Pco2 blood (tissue -> blood)

- Po2 tissue tissue)