Mitosis and Meiosis

Question 1

mitosis

Answer 1

somatic and germ cells

parent cell -> daughter cells
(genetic material = same)

duplicative division

Question 2

Cell cycle - Interphase

Answer 2

Large portion of the cell cycle

1. growth
2. growth + DNA replication
3. growth + final prep for division

Question 3

Cell cycle - mitosis (phase)

Answer 3

Pro
Meta
Ana
Telo

Question 4

somatic cells

Answer 4

body cells 46 chromosomes (diploid 2N)

Question 5

germ cells

Answer 5

sex cells 23 chromosomes haploid (N)

Question 6

key components of mitosis

Answer 6

chromosomes + microtubule spindles (MT)

Question 7

early pro

Answer 7

centrosomes duplicated -> chromatin condensing into chromosoes -> nuclear envelope fragmenting

Question 8

pro

Answer 8

nucleolus disappeared -> duplicated chromosomes visible -> centrosomes moving apart + spindle forms

Question 9

early meta

Answer 9

each chromatid attached to spindle fiber -> spindle fibers strech from each spindle pole and overlap

Question 10

meta

Answer 10

centromeres of duplicated chromosomes aligned at equator -> spindle fibers attached to sister chromatids come form opposite spindle poles

Question 11

ana

Answer 11

sister chromatids part -> daughters moving toward poles

Question 12

telo

Answer 12

nuclear envelopes + nucleoli formed again enclosing the chromosomes

Question 13

mitosis functions

Answer 13

cell replacement, growth, development, regulated (failure -> tumors)

Question 14

meiosis

Answer 14

reductions division

2 divisions -> 4 haploid cells (used to make gametes)

Question 15

ploidy

Answer 15

of single sets of chromosomes in a cell/organism

single/haploid/N: 23
2 single set/diploid/2N: 46

Question 16

centromeres vs kinectochore

Answer 16

c: cytoskeleton, separates chromosomes
k: special junction where microtubules attach to c