Protein Synthesis Transscription/Translation

Question 0

What are the 4 different nucleotide pairs that RNA is made of?

Answer 0

T-A C-G G-C A-U

Question 1

In 3 Major structural ways how does RNA differ from DNA?

Answer 1

1. Uses Ribose Sugar instead of Deoxyribose in backbone
2. Only a Single strand rather than double stranded
3. RNA uses the nucleotide Uracil (U) instead of Thymine (T)

Question 2

What are some similarities between DNA & RNA?

Answer 2

• Nucleic Acid
• A, G, C
• Phosphate, Sugar backbone

Question 3

What does DNA have that RNA doesn’t?

Answer 3

• Double Stranded
• Replicates
• Thymine (T)
• Deoxyribose Sugar

Question 4

What does RNA have that DNA doesn’t?

Answer 4

• Single Stranded
• No Replication
• Uracil (U)
• Ribose Sugar

Question 5

Translation

Answer 5

The process of converting mRNA strands into proteins

Question 6

Ribosomes

Answer 6

Convert mRNA into proteins

Question 7

How is mRNA broken up?

Answer 7

Into segments called codons which are made up of 3 consecutive nucleotides

Question 8

What are the steps to translation?

Answer 8

1. A ribosome and a corresponding tRNA binds to an mRNA’s start codon
2. The ribosome moves along the mRNA attaching tRNA molecules to each successive codon
3. The ribosome then moves along the mRNA until it encounters a specific stop codon

Question 9

What does the stop codon trigger the ribosome to do?

Answer 9

• stop adding tRNA

* the newly synthesized protein is released

Question 10

What is a protein made up of?

Answer 10

Amino Acids that are bound together with peptide bonds