Genetics Notes Flashcards
Gene Expression
Genes—>Proteins—>Traits
What is the terminology in Genetics?
Each chromosome there are nucleotides called genes, diff. Genes determine diff. proteins, proteins determine traits
Allele
When a gene comes in different varieties
How are Alleles related to traits?
Different Alleles code for different variations of the protein resulting in different traits
What would make 1 gene create 2 different variations of the same protein?
Different Alleles of the same gene produce different proteins when translated resulting in different traits
What did Gregor Mendel discover from his data?
The basic rules of inheritance for all traits
True Breeding
The guarantee of an offspring’s trait
Phenotype
A trait or characteristic of an organism
What ratio did Mendel discover in his research?
3:1 ratio
Dominant Alleles
Dominates or masks recessive alleles
Recessive Alleles
An allele that’s not always expressed
Genotype
2 letters that represent the alleles found on the organisms chromosomes
Heterozygous
When an organism possesses a dominant & recessive allele for a given trait
Homozygous Recessive
When an organism possesses 2 recessive alleles for a given trait
Homozygous Dominant
When an organism possesses 2 dominant alleles for a given trait
