Asexual, Sexual, & Meiosis

Question 0

Binary Fission

Answer 0

A cell evenly splits itself in half

Question 1

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 1

1 individual produces offspring that are genetically identical to itself

Question 2

Budding

Answer 2

An offspring grows out off the body of the parent

Question 3

Fragmentation

Answer 3

The body of the parent breaks into pieces that grow back into individual organisms

Question 4

Parthenogenesis

Answer 4

Organisms that don’t need their eggs to be fertilized by males

Question 5

What are the advantages of Asexual Reproduction?

Answer 5

1. No mates
2. No gametes
3. Numerous offspring rapidly
4. Stationary

Question 6

What are the disadvantages of Asexual Reproduction?

Answer 6

1. If Environment changes= deadly consequences
2. Same weaknesses
3. Lack genetic variation

Question 7

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 7

Offspring are produced by the combination of genetic information from 2 parents of opposite sex

Question 8

What are the disadvantages of Sexual Reproduction?

Answer 8

1. Less offspring
2. Time wasted finding mate
3. Energy invested in producing gametes

Question 9

What are the advantages of Sexual Reproduction?

Answer 9

1. Increased genetic variation

2. Chance of surviving in a changing environment

Question 10

Homologous Chromosomes

Answer 10

Similar in size and genetic information but different parents

Question 11

Autosomal Chromosomes

Answer 11

Chromosomes that determine all traits not relating to gender

Question 12

Somatic Cells/ Diploid Cells

Answer 12

Any cell that aren’t sperm or egg cells

Question 13

Diploid Cells

Answer 13

Cell contains 2 complete sets of chromosomes

Question 14

Haploid Cells

Answer 14

Cell only contains 1 complete set of chromosomes

Question 15

Zygote

Answer 15

When the haploid sperm fertilizes that haploid egg , the diploid somatic cell is produced

Question 16

What is created at the end of Mitosis?

Answer 16

2 identical diploid cells

Question 17

What is created at the end of Meiosis?

Answer 17

4 genetically different haploid cells

Question 18

What are the 3 processes that aid in increasing diversity in Independent Assortment?

Answer 18

1. Crossing over
2. Random Fertilization
3. Gamete Formation

Question 19

What is “Crossing Over”?

Answer 19

(In Prophase 1) When homologous chromosomes bond together in tetrads, the chromatid arms twist and exchange DNA

Question 20

What is “Random Fertilization”?

Answer 20

The zygote is produced from the random combination of any 2 gametes

Question 21

What is “Gamete Formation”?

Answer 21

The final products of Meiosis in males & females

Question 22

Spermatogenesis

Answer 22

4 of the cells produced from the meiotic division will become sperm

Question 23

Oogenesis

Answer 23

Only 1 of the cells produced during Oogenesis becomes a functional egg

Question 24

Independent Assortment

Answer 24

Offspring can receive any random combination of the parents chromosomes pairs

Question 25

Explain the sexual reproduction cycle

Answer 25

1. Fertilization
2. Mitosis
3. Meiosis

Question 26

Describe the cells after each division of Meiosis

Answer 26

M1: Diploid, Replicated
M2: Haploid, Replicated
Result: Haploid, Unreplicated