Protein Synthesis Inhibitors 30 and 50

Question 1

Protein Synthesis Inhibitors Mnemonic?

Answer 1

Buy AT 30 and CCEL at 50

Question 2

All of the Protein Synthesis Inhibitors are bacteriostatic except?

Answer 2

Aminoglycosides

Question 3

Aminoglycosides what are they?

Answer 3

Gentamicin, Neomycin, Amikacin, Tobramycin, Streptomycin

Question 4

How are aminoglycosides bacteriocidal?

Answer 4

Cause misreadings of mRNA

Question 5

Aminoglycosides MOA, Use?

Answer 5

MOA: binding of the 30S subunitRequire O2 for uptake=>only effective for aerobesSevere gram-negative rod infections esp. PseudomonasStreptomycin DOC=>Bubonic plague and tularemia

Question 6

Aminoglycosides AE?

Answer 6

Aminoglycosides are NOT bacteriostaticNephrotoxicity, Neuromuscular blockade, Ototoxicity (especially when used with loop diuretics). Teratogen.

Question 7

Aminoglycosides side effect decreases Ach release (neuromsuclar blockade) is similar to what drug?

Answer 7

Botulinum

Question 8

Aminoglycosides Resistance?

Answer 8

Inactivate drug by acetylation, phosphorylation, or adenylation

Question 9

Which of the neosporin is associated with contact dermatitis?

Answer 9

Neomycin

Question 10

Tetracyclines?

Answer 10

doxycycline, minocycline

Question 11

Demecocyline is used for?

Answer 11

SIADH

Inhibits ADH receptor

Question 12

Tetracyclines MOA and 1st Line?

Answer 12

MOA: bind to 30S and prevent attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA

1st Line: Borrelia burgdorferi, Rickettsia and Chlamydia

Question 13

Tetracyclines AE and what should not take with this drug?

Answer 13

AE: discoloration of teeth and inhibition of bone growth in children, photosensitivity

Should NOT take with tetracyclines with milk (Ca2+), antacids (Ca2+ or Mg2+), or iron-containing preparations because divalent cations inhibit drugs’ absorption in the gut. (=>acts as a chelating agent)

Question 14

Tetracyclines Resistance?

Answer 14

Increased efflux out of bacterial cells by plasmid-encoded transport pumps (P-glycoprotein)

Question 15

ChloramPHENicol MOA?

Answer 15

Blocks peptidyltransferase at 50S ribosomal subunit

Question 16

ChloramPHENicol AE?

Answer 16

1. Anemia (dose dependent)
2. Aplastic Anemia
3. Gray baby syndrome (due to lack of Liver UDP-glucuronyl transferase)

Question 17

Clindamycin MOA? and Use?

Answer 17

MOA: Blocks peptide transfer (translocation) at 50S ribosomal subunit

Use: Anaerobic infections (e.g., Bacteroides spp., Clostridium perfringens) in aspiration pneumonia

Question 18

Clindamycin AE?

Answer 18

Pseudomembranous colitis

Question 19

Linezolid MOA and 1st line?

Answer 19

MOA: Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to 50S subunit=>prevent formation of initation complex

Use: VRE

Question 20

Macrolides MOA and 1st Line for?

Answer 20

MOA: Inhibit protein synthesis by blocking translocation (“macroslides”); bind to the 23S rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit

1st Line: Atypical pneumonias (Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Legionella) and STI (Chlamydia), MAC in HIV patients

Question 21

Macrolides AE?

Answer 21

MACRO: 
*Gastrointestinal Motility issues, 
Arrhythmia caused by prolonged QT interval, 
acute Cholestatic hepatitis, 
Rash, 
eOsinophilia

Question 22

Everyone inhibits cytochrome p-450 except?

Answer 22

Azithromycin

Question 23

Macrolides Resistance?

Answer 23

Methylation of 23S rRNA-binding site prevents binding of drug