Peptidoglycan Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors Flashcards
Penicillin G, V (oral) MOA? 1st line for?
MOA: Bind PBP (transpeptidases). Block transpeptidase cross-linking of peptidoglycan in cell wall.
1st Line: spirochetes (namely T. pallidum)=>Benzatheine
Penicillin G, V (oral) Resistance?
- β-lactamase
- Change structure of PBP=>MRSA
- Change Pores=>Gram (-)
What is the Flu-like symptoms due to releasing of endotoxins after penicillin use?
Jarisch Herxheimer Rxn
Amoxicillin and Ampicillin bugs that it works on?
HHELLPSS
H. influenzae, H. pylori, E. coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella, Shigella
Amoxicillin and Ampicillin AE?
pseudomembranous colitis
Naf for?
Staph
Piperacillin, ticarcillin use? Especially in what kind of patients?
Pseudomonas
CF patients
β-lactamase inhibitors use? what are they?
TASC.
Clavulanic Acid, Sulbactam, Tazobactam
Use: protect the antibiotic from destruction by β-lactamase
1st generation cephalosporins?
cefazolin, -ph
1st generation cephalosporins bugs? Where is it used?
PEcK
Proteus mirabilis, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Cefazolin used prior to surgery to prevent S. aureus wound infections
2nd generations cephalosporins bugs?
cefoxitin, cefaclor, cefuroxime
HEN PEcKS
Haemophilus influenzae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Neisseria spp., Proteus mirabilis, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia
What was the thinking behind making 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins?
Better Gram (-) and for BBB for meninigitis
Ceftriaxone is what generation?
3rd
Ceftriaxone is DOC for?
Meningitis, Gonorrhea, disseminated Lyme disease
Brain, Butt, Bully Skin
Ceftriaxone AE?
disulfiram-like reaction
Ceftriaxone resistance?
Structural change in penicillin-binding proteins (transpeptidases).
Imipenem, meropenem Uniqueness? Always administered with?
β-lactamase– resistant carbapenem
Always administered with cilastatin (inhibitor of renal dehydropeptidase I)
With imipenem, “the kill is lastin’ with cilastatin
Imipenem, meropenem AE?
CNS toxicity (seizures)=>Imibrainem But Meropenem=>less
Aztreonam uniqueness? Use?
Uniqueness=>can use with penicillin
Use: Gram-negative rods only
Vancomycin MOA? Use?
MOA: binding to D-ala D-ala=>inhibits transglycosylation=>elongation of peptidogylcan chains
Use: MRSA
Vancomycin AE?
NOT Red Man Syndrome
Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity, Thrombophlebitis
diffuse flushing—red man syndrome
Vancomycin Mechanism of Resistance?
D-ala D-ala to D-ala D-lac
2 Dala’s for Dala and D-lac
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors Mnemonic?
Buy AT 30 and CCEL at 50
All of the Protein Synthesis Inhibitors are bacteriostatic except?
Aminoglycosides
