Apoptosis/Necrosis+ Cellular Injury Flashcards

1
Q

Apoptosis vs Necrosis?

A

Apoptosis=Suicide

Necrosis=Murder

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2
Q

Does Apoptosis require ATP?

A

Yes

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3
Q

Which cell death, Apoptosis vs Necrosis has inflammation?

A

Necrosis

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4
Q

Name the characteristics of Apoptosis

A

Cell shrinkage, nuclear shrinkage (pyknosis) membrane blebbing, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), and formation of apoptotic
bodies

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5
Q

apoptotic bodies are phagocytosed by?

A

Marcophages

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6
Q

Apoptosis means?

A

Falling into pieces

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7
Q

What is it when fragments in multiples of 180 bp are found in the cell? What is it an indication of?

A

DNA laddering

Apoptosis

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8
Q

How does radiation therapy kill cells?

A

Free Radical and dsDNA breakage

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9
Q

Which cells are very susceptible to radiation therapy?

A

Skin and GI

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10
Q

Give 3 examples of apoptosis?

A
  1. Endometrium shedding
  2. Removal of cells during embryogenesis
  3. CD8 cells killing virally infected cells
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11
Q

All neutrophils after resolution undergo?

A

Apoptosis

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12
Q

Decreased IL-2 can lead to apoptosis via the ?

A

Intrinsic pathway

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13
Q

Decreased survival signal and DNA damage blocks?

A

Bcl-2=>BAX=>Cytochrome c=>caspases=>activated

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14
Q

Bcl2 specifically inhibits?

A

Apaf-1

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15
Q

If Bcl-2 is overly expressed, what tumor do you get?

A

Follicular Lymphoma

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16
Q

Extrinsic pathway’s FAS ligand is found in what place in the body?

A

Medullary negative selection

17
Q

Defective Fas-FasL interactions contribute to?

A

autoimmune disorders

18
Q

FAS links with FASL and creates?

A

FADD=>caspases

19
Q

Necrosis is always followed by?

A

Inflammation

20
Q

Coagulative necrosis is seen in?

A

Ischemia/infarcts in most tissues (except brain)

21
Q

In coagulative are the cell outlines preserved?

22
Q

What kind of an infarction do you get in Coagulative necrosis?

A

Wedge-shaped and pale

23
Q

Liquefactive necrosis is seen in three places where are they?

A

Brain, Pancreatitis (parenchyma) and Bacterial abscesses

24
Q

Liquefactive necrosis is due to?

A

Enzyme degradation

25
What liquifies the brain?
Microglial cells
26
What creates an abscess?
Neutrophils via lysosomes
27
Caseous Necrosis is from?
TB and Histo
28
Fat Necrosis leads to?
Saponification
29
What is saponification?
Ca2+ +fat=>white chalky appearance Appear blue in H&E
30
Fat Necrosis is seen in two tissues?
Enzymatic fat necrosis in pancreatitis Noneznymatic fat necrosis of breast
31
Fibrinoid Necrosis is seen in two places?
1. Malignant HTN | 2. Vasculitis
32
30 y/o woman w/ preeclampsia will have what kind of necrosis?
Fibrinoid
33
Ischemia of the lower limb?
Gangrenous (mummified)
34
Add infection to dry gangren?
Wet