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Immunology/Microbiology > Apoptosis/Necrosis+ Cellular Injury > Flashcards

Apoptosis/Necrosis+ Cellular Injury Flashcards

1
Q

Apoptosis vs Necrosis?

A

Apoptosis=Suicide

Necrosis=Murder

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2
Q

Does Apoptosis require ATP?

A

Yes

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3
Q

Which cell death, Apoptosis vs Necrosis has inflammation?

A

Necrosis

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4
Q

Name the characteristics of Apoptosis

A

Cell shrinkage, nuclear shrinkage (pyknosis) membrane blebbing, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), and formation of apoptotic
bodies

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5
Q

apoptotic bodies are phagocytosed by?

A

Marcophages

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6
Q

Apoptosis means?

A

Falling into pieces

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7
Q

What is it when fragments in multiples of 180 bp are found in the cell? What is it an indication of?

A

DNA laddering

Apoptosis

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8
Q

How does radiation therapy kill cells?

A

Free Radical and dsDNA breakage

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9
Q

Which cells are very susceptible to radiation therapy?

A

Skin and GI

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10
Q

Give 3 examples of apoptosis?

A
  1. Endometrium shedding
  2. Removal of cells during embryogenesis
  3. CD8 cells killing virally infected cells
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11
Q

All neutrophils after resolution undergo?

A

Apoptosis

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12
Q

Decreased IL-2 can lead to apoptosis via the ?

A

Intrinsic pathway

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13
Q

Decreased survival signal and DNA damage blocks?

A

Bcl-2=>BAX=>Cytochrome c=>caspases=>activated

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14
Q

Bcl2 specifically inhibits?

A

Apaf-1

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15
Q

If Bcl-2 is overly expressed, what tumor do you get?

A

Follicular Lymphoma

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16
Q

Extrinsic pathway’s FAS ligand is found in what place in the body?

A

Medullary negative selection

17
Q

Defective Fas-FasL interactions contribute to?

A

autoimmune disorders

18
Q

FAS links with FASL and creates?

A

FADD=>caspases

19
Q

Necrosis is always followed by?

A

Inflammation

20
Q

Coagulative necrosis is seen in?

A

Ischemia/infarcts in most tissues (except brain)

21
Q

In coagulative are the cell outlines preserved?

A

Yes

22
Q

What kind of an infarction do you get in Coagulative necrosis?

A

Wedge-shaped and pale

23
Q

Liquefactive necrosis is seen in three places where are they?

A

Brain, Pancreatitis (parenchyma) and Bacterial abscesses

24
Q

Liquefactive necrosis is due to?

A

Enzyme degradation

25
Q

What liquifies the brain?

A

Microglial cells

26
Q

What creates an abscess?

A

Neutrophils via lysosomes

27
Q

Caseous Necrosis is from?

A

TB and Histo

28
Q

Fat Necrosis leads to?

A

Saponification

29
Q

What is saponification?

A

Ca2+ +fat=>white chalky appearance

Appear blue in H&E

30
Q

Fat Necrosis is seen in two tissues?

A

Enzymatic fat necrosis in pancreatitis

Noneznymatic fat necrosis of breast

31
Q

Fibrinoid Necrosis is seen in two places?

A
  1. Malignant HTN

2. Vasculitis

32
Q

30 y/o woman w/ preeclampsia will have what kind of necrosis?

A

Fibrinoid

33
Q

Ischemia of the lower limb?

A

Gangrenous (mummified)

34
Q

Add infection to dry gangren?

A

Wet

Immunology/Microbiology (32 decks)

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