Protein Assembly- Lecture 8/26/21

Question 1

Fibrous proteins

Answer 1

Generally water insoluble, inert structural proteins used for body construction

Question 2

Elastin

Answer 2

An “elastic” protein that makes up stretchy tissue such as the lungs, lacks secondary structure. Cross linked to each other via lysine

Question 3

Keratin

Answer 3

Makes up hair and fingernails, a very highly compacted alpha helix heavy protein that is completely indigestible

Question 4

Collagen

Answer 4

The major fibrous protein of the human body, has three polypeptide chains called alpha chains

Question 5

Collagen type 1

Answer 5

Used in Bone, skin, tendon

Question 6

Collagen type III

Answer 6

Reticulin, supporting mesh in soft tissues and skin

Question 7

Fibroblast

Answer 7

Collagen making factory that secretes pro collagen

Question 8

Procollagen

Answer 8

The type of collagen that is secreted from the fibroblasts, have water soluble ends that prevent aggregation in the cell

Question 9

Tropocollagen

Answer 9

After cleavage of the procollagen, triple helix fibrils that join with each other to make fibers

Question 10

Hydroxylation of collagen

Answer 10

Simple gly-pro-hyp, where half of prolines are hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase, has to do with stability of the fold

Question 11

Scurvy

Answer 11

Vitamin C deficiency, Vitamin C is an essential cofactors for prolylhydroxylase which causes blood vessel bursts and your teeth to fall out

Question 12

Procollagen folding

Answer 12

Starts at the C-terminus, forms triple helix and disulfide bridges form in oxidizing environment of the ER which form the water soluble ends

Question 13

Collagen fibrils

Answer 13

Tropocollagen molecules spontaneously Organize into fibrils with holes to be filled by calcium phosphate to form bone

Question 14

Cross linking

Answer 14

Enzyme called Lysyl oxidase catylizes the formation of allysine which forms bridges with lysine to hold fibrils together

Question 15

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 15

Also known as fragile bone syndrome, defect in collagen protein which leads to improper formation and fragile bones, autosomal dominant

Question 16

Ehlers-Danlos syndromes

Answer 16

Hyper-elastic joints which is characterized by either lack of collagen protein or lack of processing enzyme (recessive)

Question 17

mad cow disease

Answer 17

Neurological proteins called prions become missfolded because of contact with mutant protein from cows, can form 10-15 years after eating meat

Question 18

Another name for mad cow

Answer 18

Ceutzfeldt-Jacob disease