Intro To Lipids And Uptake- Lecture 9/29/21

Question 1

Acanthocytes

Answer 1

Star shaped red blood cells

Question 2

Lipids

Answer 2

Hydrophobic organic molecules can be extracted by non-polar solvents

Question 3

Functions of lipids (4)

Answer 3

• Tag fat stores energy
• Membrane lipids
• Protein modification
• Signaling lipids

Question 4

2 major classes of lipids

Answer 4

• Fatty acid based

- Isoprenoids (cholesterol)

Question 5

Long chain fatty acids location of absorption

Answer 5

small intestine

Question 6

Fatty acid naming

Answer 6

Total length chain; # of double bonds

Question 7

Gamma carbon

Answer 7

Last carbon in FA chain

Question 8

Stearic acid nomenclature

Answer 8

18:0

Question 9

Palmitic acid

Answer 9

16:0

Question 10

Omega number

Answer 10

(# of carbons)-(carbon # starting last double bonds), ex omega 3

Question 11

Essential fatty acids

Answer 11

Linoleic and linolenic acid

Question 12

Sphingosine-based

Answer 12

Amino alcohol fatty acids

Question 13

TAG nomenclature

Answer 13

Change FA suffix from ic acid to oyl

List by position before “glycerol”

Question 14

Changes melting points of FAs

Answer 14

Chain length, number of double bonds

Question 15

Critical Micelle point

Answer 15

Concentration of free FAs that micelles start to form

Question 16

Pancreatic lipase

Answer 16

Cleaves FAs off glycerol leaving monoacylglycerol

Question 17

Bile salts

Answer 17

Involved in breaking down TAG droplets to be digestible by the pancreatic lipase

Question 18

bile synthesis

Answer 18

Made from cholesterol in the liver

Question 19

Fattyacidtranslocase

Answer 19

Receptor that absorbs the mixed micelles

Question 20

Enterohepatic circulation

Answer 20

80-95% of the bile salts are recycled to the liver through this system

Question 21

Triacylglycerol synthase

Answer 21

Resynthesizes TAG in intestinal epithelial cells

Question 22

Chylomicron

Answer 22

Transport long chain fatty acids, cholesterol and fat soluble vitamins, biggest and least dense

Question 23

Where chylomicrons are formed

Answer 23

Synthesized between the phospholipidbilayers of ER membranes

Question 24

ApoB48

Answer 24

Added to phospholipid to form a nascent chylomicron

Question 25

Lacteal

Answer 25

Lymphatic capillary that absorbs dietary fats in the villi of the small intestine