Membrane Lipids- Lecture 10/5/21

Question 1

Three classes of membrane lipids

Answer 1

• Glycerophospholipids
• Phosphosphingolipid (sphingomyelin)
• Sphingolipids (glygolipids

Question 2

Glycerophospholipids

Answer 2

Made up of a saturated FA at the 1 position, unsaturated FA at the 2, and phospho head group at the 3

Question 3

Phospholipid head groups

Answer 3

• Serine
• Choline
• Ethanolamine
• Glycerol
• Inositol

Question 4

Formation of phospholipids

Answer 4

Can be made from glycerol, TAGS, and dietary fat, immediate precursors are Phosphtidic acid and DAGs

Question 5

CDP activation

Answer 5

CDP placed on one of the hydroxyl to facilitate phosphodiester bond formation

Question 6

DAG activation (3)

Answer 6

Inositol
Glycerol
Cardiolipin

Question 7

Head group activation (2)

Answer 7

Ethanolamine

Choline

Question 8

Glycerophospholipids conversion

Answer 8

When serine replaces Ethanolamine, only way to make PS

Question 9

Phospholipases

Answer 9

Cleave chains to activate second messengers, signaling molecules

Question 10

PLA2

Answer 10

Cleaves the second FA chain to make eicosanoids, including PGE2 and TXA

Question 11

Cyclooxigenase

Answer 11

Adds oxygen to FA, reducing bind number by 2

Question 12

Lipooxygenases

Answer 12

Create LKEs, do not reduce bond number

Question 13

PLC

Answer 13

Activated by protein kinases to cleave Phosphatidyl inositol to make IP3 and DAG, important second messengers

Question 14

IP3

Answer 14

Involved in activation of PKCs and release of Ca from intracellular compartments

Question 15

Sphingomyelin

Answer 15

Only sphingolipid that contains a “phospholipid”

Question 16

Tay Sach sganglioside

Answer 16

GM2

Question 17

Tay sachs enzyme

Answer 17

Hexosaminidase A deficiency