Protein Flashcards
How does Insulin work
It causes confrontmation change in the insulin receptor and bring more glucose transporter to the cell membrane to facillate Glucose Uptake to increase the uptake of glucose by liver and muscle
What is the next step for glucose
Converted into Glycogen at the place where glycogenesis takes place
Describe the structure of insulin
By 2 polypeptide chain, by 4 S-S Bridges, with 2 between 2 chains and 2 within the peptide
What is the backbone of a chain formed by 3 amino acids
NCaCNCaCNCaC
What is the number of amino acids in a (i)protein (ii)peptide
(i)>100 (ii)<100
Leu-Cys-Pro shows what order of protein structure
Primary
What is a secondary structure
Local confrontmation of the backbone due to the interactions between atoms at the backbone
Name 2 commonly seen Secondary Structure
Alpha Helix, Beta Sheet
(i) What are the bonds stabilizing Alpha Helix and Beta Sheet
HYdrogen bond between O and H atom
(ii) Are the side chains pointing inwards or outwards in Alpha Helix
Outwards
(iii) What is the orientation of most Alpha Helices
Right-handed
What is the number of strand involved in each turn of Alpha helix
What is the size in Angstrong
3.6 amino acids
5.4Å (angstrom) per 360º turn
How many strands are involved in a Beta sheet
At least 2
Name the direction of the chains
Parallel or anti-parallel are ok
How do we described the zig-zag like appearance of Beta Sheet
Pleated
What contributes to a Tertiary structure
Name the 3 forces
Interactions between side chains
Hydrogen bond, VDW, electrostatic attraction
What contributes to a Quaternary Structure
Interactions between subunits
What is fibrous protein
What is their solubility in water
It has long, repetitive structures that enable structural role
And it is insoluble in water
What are the subunits of collagen. What is their orientation
3 left-handed Alpha-Helix
What is the orientation of collagen
A right-handed Super Helix
What is the recur in Collagen
Glycine-proline-hydroxyproline