Properties of Matter (2) Flashcards
Four Properties of Matter
- Mass and Volume
- Density and Colour
- Physical Properties
- Chemical Properties
Mass and Volume Properties
Also known as “extensive properties”
measurable
Density and Colour Properties
Also referred to as “intensive properties”
immeasurable
Physical Properties
Solid, Liquid, Gas
(measurable) without changing the chemical identity.
Chemical Properties
Change occurs from a reaction of one chemical with another
measurable
What is an Atomic Structure?
The atom is the building block of all matter
What is the Atom?
Everything in the world is made of atoms (atomos - cannot be divided)
Made of primarily empty space 99.9%
contain a nucleus and electrons that surround the nucleus
What is a Nucleus?
Determines the weight of an atom, made up of protons + and neutrons (no charge)
What is an Electron?
Revolve around the nucleus of an atom in a circular orbit.
smaller than protons and neutrons
negative (-) charge
What is the atomic mass of an Electron?
1/1840
What are Valence Electrons?
Electrons located on the ring farthest from the nucleus, control the conductivity, chemical and magnetic properties of an element.
What is Electrostatic Force?
Between the positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons, neutrons stabilize the atom.
Two different kinds of energy in an Atom
- potential (energy stored)
- kinetic (generated by motion in the system i.e. electrons orbiting)
Describe the Law of Conservation of Matter
Matter can neither be created nor destroyed, only changed in form
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only changed in form
What is the Atomic Number?
Determines the element.
of protons and electrons in an element
