(8) Flashcards
Three basic steps of interpreting radiographs:
- detection
- interpretation
- evaluation
Detection
- knowledge of expected discontinuities
- experience
- viewing conditions
Interpretation
Judging an indication as to its cause and nature
Evaluation
will the discontinuity have an effect on the intended use of the part?
- use of standards, codes and specifications
Types of discontinuities
- Inherent
- Processing
- Welding
- In-service
Inherent Discontinuities
metal going from liquid to solid
Processing Discontinuities
from primary processing (rolling, drawing, extruding, forging)
from secondary processing (heat treat, machining, grinding, plating, etching)
Welding Discontinuities
From the joining of two surfaces by heat and pressure.
In-Service Discontinuities
Direct result of continued use of over-use of the part.
Inherent Casting Discontinuity examples
- shrinkage
- shrinkage cavities
- porosity/blowholes
- inclusions
- crack and hot tears
Welding Discontinuity examples
- porosity
- slag
- incomplete penetration
- undercut
- incomplete fusion
- cracks
Inclusion categories
- slag
- oxide
- tungsten