Processing, File, and Output Controls

Question 1

What is a run-to-run control?

Answer 1

Use batch totals to agree the batch from one procedure to another

Question 2

What are audit trail controls?

Answer 2

Used mostly in OLRT processing

• A transaction log- Electronic audit trail

Question 3

What may be included in a transaction log?

Answer 3

-Values, time, terminal number, IP address, user name

Goals:

• Accuracy completeness, and validity
• Backup and recovery- essential to checkpoint and restart, and roll back and recovery systems

Question 4

What are file types?

Answer 4

1) Master files- updated with transactions
2) Standing data files- Rarely changed master file
3) Transaction files- events that typically update master files

Question 5

What are hardware controls?

Answer 5

Examples:
1) Check digit- Self-checking digit (add something to a string of number to confirm that the previous numbers are correct. ISBN numbers are an example.

2) Read after write check- Verifies that data is correctly written to a disk.
3) Echo Check- Verification of a transmission by echoing back received transmission to sender
4) Boundary Check- Want computer and users to play well together. computer user playground. prevent one program from overriding another program.

Question 6

What are file controls?

Answer 6

Internal label- read by system (for removable storage)- ready by computer system

External label- Read by human

Version controls- protocols for ensuring use of the correct file version

File access and updating controls- procedures to restrict file updates and access to authorized users.

Question 7

What are application output controls?

Answer 7

Transaction logs of printed output (built into most systems)

Access to sensitive reports thorough permissions and access controls

Spooling Print Files- Send files to queue for pricing in order sent

Control issue: Sensitive output

Printed files are held by data control clerk for pickup