Principles Of Oncology

Question 1

Abnormal growth and division of cells

Answer 1

Cancer

Question 2

What are 6 examples of solid tumors?

Answer 2

1. Breast
2. Lung
3. Prostate
4. Colon
5. Pancreatic
6. Ovarian

Question 3

What are 3 examples of liquid tumors?

Answer 3

1. Leukemia
2. Lymphoma
3. Multiple myeloma

Question 4

Cancer that is confined to a single area or organ

Answer 4

Localized

Question 5

Migration of the same cancer to a distant site away from the primary tumor

Answer 5

Metastatic

Question 6

When is cancer the most curable?

Answer 6

Before it has metastasized

Question 7

Screening is clearly recommended for what types of cancer? 4

Answer 7

1. Breast
2. Colon
3. Prostate
4. Cervical/ endometrial

Question 8

Which type of cancers need screened when the individuals are at high risk or with a family history may need to undergo additional screening? 3

Answer 8

1. Lung
2. Breast
3. Colon

Question 9

What is the most effective means of treatment?

Answer 9

Surgery

Question 10

Surgery is only possible for what type of tumors?

Answer 10

Solid tumors

Question 11

What causes breaks in DNA by generating free radicals?

Answer 11

Radiation

Question 12

When is radiation effective?

Answer 12

When the tumor is superficial

Question 13

True or false: you can radiate large portions of the body at once

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What are the 4 major types of therapies?

Answer 14

1. Conventional chemotherapy
2. Targeted therapy
3. Biological therapy
4. Hormonal therapy

Question 15

Large molecules with the ability to regulate growth of tumor cells or induce an immune response

Answer 15

Biologic therapy

Question 16

Indiscriminately targets DNA structure or replication

Answer 16

Conventional therapy

Question 17

Designed to act on a specific molecular target

Answer 17

Targeted therapy

Question 18

Relies on endocrine function to alter tumor growth

Answer 18

Hormonal therapy

Question 19

What type of chemotherapy is the standard of care?

Answer 19

Combination therapy

Question 20

Traditional chemotherapy agents have what?

Answer 20

A very narrow therapeutic index

Question 21

ideal combination chemotherapy regimens contains agents with non-overlapping _____ and ________.

Answer 21

Mechanisms; toxicities

Question 22

What 5 types of cells can chemotherapy blindly destroy?

Answer 22

1. Tumor cells
2. Blood cells
3. Hair cells
4. GI cells
5. Reproductive cells

Question 23

Chemotherapy timing that is used to eliminate micrometastases

Answer 23

Adjuvant

Question 24

Chemotherapy timing that is used to shrink the tumor before therapy

Answer 24

Neoadjuvant

Question 25

Chemotherapy timing that is done after the initial attempt has failed

Answer 25

Salvage

Question 26

Intent where the goal of therapy is to prevent recurrence and normal lifespan is expected

Answer 26

Curative intent

Question 27

When the cancer is not curable and the goals are to prevent further progression of the tumor and maximize the remaining quality of life

Answer 27

Palliative intent

Question 28

Which intent would you want to maintain maximum doses of chemotherapy and schedule at all costs?

Answer 28

Curative intent

Question 29

Which intent would you want to make changes to doses for toxicities and changes in schedule?

Answer 29

Palliative intent

Question 30

What are 4 tumor specific factors for choosing therapy?

Answer 30

1. Type of tumor
2. Stage of disease
3. Genetics
4. Drug resistance

Question 31

What are 5 patient specific factors for choosing therapy?

Answer 31

1. Performance status
2. Organ function
3. Body habits
4. Co-morbid conditions
5. Patient beliefs/ wishes

Question 32

Smaller doses of what agent may be effective against cancer of the blood?

Answer 32

Nitrogen mustards