Colon Cancer Flashcards
What are the 6 risk factors for colon cancer?
- Age
- African American race
- Genetic predisposition
- Other GI conditions
- Diet
- Physical inactivity
What is the best type of prevention for colon cancer?
Lifestyle modifications
What are the 3 lifestyle modifications that can be used in colon cancer?
- Diet
- Physical activity
- Limit alcohol consumption
What drug is FDA approved to decrease the number of polyps in patients with familial adenomatosis polyposis?
Celecoxib
What patient population is aspirin reserved in?
Cardiovascular disease prevention
What are 4 screening tests used for colon cancer?
- Endoscopy (colonoscopy)
- Stool DNA test
- Fecal occupant blood test
- Digital rectal exam
What age should patients with average risk get screened?
After age 45
When should a patient get a colonoscopy if they are average risk?
Every 10 years
When should a patient get a flexible sigmoidoscopy if they are average risk?
Every 5 years
When should a patient get a stool DNA test if they are average risk?
Every 1-3 years
What are 5 signs and symptoms of colon cancer?
- Change in bowel habits
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Blood in the stool
- Anorexia
- Abdominal pain/ fullness
- Weight loss
What are the 3 main sites of metastases?
- Brain
- Liver
- Lungs
For diagnosis what is required?
A biopsy
After colon cancer is confirmed, what do patients have to do?
Go through staging scans to determine if disease is already metastatic
For stage I treatment, surgery is followed by what?
Surveillance
True or false: adjuvant therapy can be given to stage I colon cancer patients
False
When can adjuvant chemotherapy be used in stage II?
If patient has poor prognostic factors
What are 2 poor prognostic factors that can be used to determine therapy?
- Larger tumor
- Lymphovascular invasion
Chemotherapy for colon cancer is _____ based
5-FU
How long is a patient on adjuvant therapy for in stage III?
6 months
What is the 1st line chemotherapy regimen for stage III colon cancer?
FOLFOX
What is the oral equivalent to FOLFOX?
CapeOx