Monoclonal Antibodies Flashcards
What does avastin specifically bind to?
VEGF
Avastin prevents VEGF-A from properly interacting with ______ receptor
VEGFR-2
What does avastin cause an inhibition of?
Angiogenesis
When new blood vessels form from pre-existing blood vessels
Angiogenesis
When should you not administer avastin?
28 days before or after surgery
What must a patient have to use trastuzumab?
HER2 overexpression
What portion of trastuzumab blocks the signaling pathways of HER2?
Fc portion
What does the fab portion of trastuzumab prevent?
HER2 dimerization
What is the main side effect for trastuzumab?
Cardiotoxicity
Radioactive tracer diagnostic test to evaluate the pumping function of the ventricles
MUGA
Why is cardiotoxicity a SE of trastuzumab?
Because of Herceptin bind to the receptor on the heart leading to herceptin mediated destruction of cardiomyctes
Which EGFR - has the higher risk of HSR?
Cetuximab
What should you premedicate with for cetuximab?
Antihistamines
What kind of -mab is cetuximab?
Chimeric
What type of -mab is panitumumab?
Fully human mab
What toxicity can be caused by any EGFR -?
Acne form rash
Why do EGFRs cause their main toxicity?
Cause inflammatory cell infiltration leading to a skin rash
What should you test a patients cancer cells for to use rituxan?
CD20
What 3 things can rituxumab cause B-cells to do?
- Complement system
- Apoptosis
- Antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity
What does rituxan non selectively destroy?
B cells with CD20
What 3 types of B cells can rituxan destroy?
- Overactive B cells
- Dysfunctional B cells
- Excess number of B cells
What is CD20 absent on?
Lymphoid stem cells
What is it called when the checkpoint inhibitors take advantage of the human immune system?
Checkpoint blockade
What do the checkpoint inhibitors bind to on the T cell?
PD-1
What do the checkpoint inhibitors bind to on the cancer cell?
PD-L1
What can the checkpoint inhibitor monoclonal antibodies cause?
Drug induced autoimmune disease
When the checkpoint inhibitors are injected, what do they bind to on T cells?
CTLA-1
What are antibodies used for?
To neutralize a specific chemical substance
What do antibodies recognize? How?
Antigens; Fab variable region
Each tip of the Y of an antibody contains what?
Paratrope
What region allows antibodies to communicate with other components of the immune system?
Fc
What are murine monoclonal antibodies derived from?
Mouse
True or false: patients can develop an allergic reaction from a mouse source
True
What origins are chimeric antibodies a mix of?
Mouse (Fc) and human (Fab)
Which monoclonal antibodies are the most human?
-umab
Which monoclonal antibodies carry the lowest risk of triggering an immunogenic or allergic response?
-Umab
