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PY3 > Clin Phys- Renal Disease > Flashcards

Clin Phys- Renal Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Metabolic by product of muscle catabolism

A

SCr

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2
Q

How is serum creatinine cleared?

A

Via glomerular filtration

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3
Q

As one ages, muscle mass generally ______.

A

Declines

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4
Q

What 2 drugs can impact creatinine secretion within the proximal tubule and give a false elevation?

A
  1. Cimetidine
  2. Trimethoprim
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5
Q

What is GFR adjusted for?

A

Body surface

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6
Q

What is GFR commonly classified for?

A

Classification of CKD

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7
Q

Which clearance mechanism uses more markers such as SCr, insulin, iothalamate, or iohexal?

A

GFR

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8
Q

What is the more expensive assay?

A

Cystatin C

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9
Q

Exogenous protein primarily cleared by glomerular filtration

A

Cystatin C

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10
Q

Test that has been found to be just as accurate of predicting GFR as the equation

A

24 hr urine collection

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11
Q

What must be stable if you are using SCr as the marker to estimate CrCl?

A

Renal function

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12
Q

What processes can impact SCr levels?

A

Hypercatabolic

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13
Q

When should you use ideal body weight?

A

If actual weight is > ideal

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14
Q

What is the ideal body weight equation for men?

A

50 + (2.3 x inches > 5 ft)

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15
Q

What is the ideal body weight equation for women?

A

45.5 + (2.3 x inches > 5 ft)

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16
Q

When should you use the adjusted bw equation?

A

If actual body weight is 30% > than ideal

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17
Q

What is the equation for adjusted body weight?

A

IBW + 0.4 ( actual- ideal)

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18
Q

When is the MDRD less accurate?

A

When GFR is> 60 mL/min/1.73 m2

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19
Q

What is a limitation to the CKD-EPI equation?

A

Less accurate when GFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2

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20
Q

What equation has the better predictive value for medication clearance

A

CKD-EPI

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21
Q

What test is better for patients who are > 80

A

Cystatin C

22
Q

What body weight equation(s) should you use in obese patients?

A

Ideal body weight or adjusted body weight

23
Q

What are sodium bicarbonate tablets only indicated for?

A

CKD

24
Q

What is a sign of CKD?

A

Proteinuria

25
Q

What 3 things does CKD lead to?

A
  1. Fluid
  2. Electrolyte
  3. Acid-base disorders
26
Q

What are symptoms of CKD (stages 4 & 5)? 6

A
  1. Fatigue
  2. Weakness
  3. SOB
  4. Bleeding
  5. Itching
  6. Confusion
27
Q

What are signs of CKD (stages 4&5)? 4

A
  1. Edema
  2. Weight gain
  3. Changes in urine output
  4. “Foaming” of urine
28
Q

What is metallic acidosis treated with?

A

Sodium bicarbonate supplementation

29
Q

Hyper______ can occur with significant CKD

A

Kalemia

30
Q

When do uremic symptoms typically develop?

A

When CrCl is < 10 mL/min

31
Q

What are 7 symptoms of Uremia?

A
  1. Anorexia
  2. Weight loss
  3. SOB
  4. Fatigue
  5. Pruritis
  6. Sleep disturbances
  7. Encephalopathy
32
Q

What are 3 physical findings of Uremia?

A
  1. Hypertension
  2. Asterixis
  3. Jugular venous distention
33
Q

What drugs have limited utility in stage 3-5 CKD?

A

Thiazide diuretics

34
Q

What should you be worried with for a 800 mg dose of a loop diuretic?

A

Tinitus

35
Q

What stage of AKI if the SCr is 1.5-1.9x the baseline?

A

Stage 1

36
Q

What stage of AKI if the SCr is 2.0-2.9x greater than baseline?

A

Stage 2

37
Q

What stage of AKI if SCr is 3.0x the baseline or increases to at least 4.0 mg/dL?

A

Stage 3

38
Q

Stage of AKI when urine output is <0.5 mL for 6-12 hrs

A

Stage 1

39
Q

Stage of AKI when the urine output is < 0.5 mL for 12 hours or more

A

Stage 2

40
Q

Stage of AKI when the urine output is <0.3 mL for 24 hours or Anuria for 12 hours or more

A

Stage 3

41
Q

What factor cannot be used when determining AKI?

A

CrCl

42
Q

Laboratory test where the urine sediment has hyaline casts

A

Prerenal

43
Q

Laboratory test where the urine sediment shoes granular casts and cellular debris

A

Intrinsic

44
Q

Laboratory test with a urine sediment that shows cellular debris

A

Postrenal

45
Q

Laboratory test where there is no rbc in the urine

A

Prerenal

46
Q

Laboratory test that has 2-4+ rbc in the urine

A

Intrinsic

47
Q

Laboratory test that has variable rbc in the urine

A

Postrenal

48
Q

What is Prerenal AKI caused by?

A

Volume

49
Q

What is intrinsic AKI caused by?

A

Drugs

50
Q

What is Postrenal AKI caused by?

A

Blockage

51
Q

_____ lags behind true renal function in AKI

A

SCr

PY3 (24 decks)

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