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PY3 > DNA Alkyating Agents 2 > Flashcards

DNA Alkyating Agents 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What does cyclophosphamide require to be active?

A

Metabolic oxidation

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2
Q

What structure can cause hemorrhagic cystitis?

A

Acrolein

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3
Q

What enzyme makes cyclophosphamide active?

A

ALDH

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4
Q

Why are cyclophosphamide and anthracyclines not commonly seen used together?

A

Cyclophosphamide may potentiate the red flag cardiotoxicity

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5
Q

What amino acid can cause cyclophosphamide to create Acrolein?

A

Cysteine

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6
Q

What is the main ADE that cyclophosphamide can cause?

A

Hemorrhagic cystitis

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7
Q

What 4 symptoms can represent hemorrhagic cystitis?

A
  1. Dysuria
  2. Hematuria
  3. Red or orange urine
  4. Potentially fatal bleeding
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8
Q

What is a chemoprotectant used for cyclophosphamide?

A

MESNA

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9
Q

What 2 ways can you decrease the risk of cyclophosphamides ADR?

A
  1. Increase fluid intake to >2 L/day
  2. Take it in the morning
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10
Q

What is the structural isomer of cyclophosphamide?

A

Ifofsamide

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11
Q

Why is ifosfanide more toxic than cyclophosphamide?

A

Creates:
1. Chloroacetylaldehyde
2. Acrolein

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12
Q

What is ifosfamide always dispensed with?

A

MESNA

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13
Q

What dose limited side effect is seen with ifosfamide?

A

Encephalopathy

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14
Q

How can ifosfamide cause it’s dose limiting SE?

A

Can cross the BBB and interact with brain proteins

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15
Q

What is MESNA a mimic of?

A

Glutathione-SH

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16
Q

True or false: MESNA can cross the BBB

A

False

17
Q

What can MESNA not prevent?

A

Encephalopathy caused by ifosfamide

18
Q

Inorganic platinum is a good _______

A

Electrophilic atom

19
Q

How are the platinum containing agents activated?

A

By aquation

20
Q

What do the platinum agents cause in the dna?

A

DNA can’t unwind

21
Q

How do the platinating agents enter cells?

A

Via copper transport protein (CRT1)

22
Q

What 3 toxicities can be seen with the platinating agents?

A
  1. Ototoxicity
  2. Nephrotoxicity
  3. Peripheral sensory neuropathy
23
Q

Cisplatin has the highest incidence of _________

A

CINV

24
Q

Where can cisplatin concentrate?

A

In the cochlea of the ear

25
Q

What should you ensure for a patient taking cisplatin?

A

Adequate IV hydration

26
Q

What agent is notoriously associated with acute sensory neuropathy?

A

Oxaliplatin

27
Q

What electrolyte can oxaliplatin chelate?

A

Calcium

28
Q

How can you avoid organoplatinum complexes with the platinating agents?

A

Avoid administration with aluminum

29
Q

What is a boxed warning for all the platinating compounds?

A

Anaphylactic response

30
Q

What should you not administer the platinum based compounds with to avoid ototoxicity?

A

Aminoglycosides

PY3 (24 decks)

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