Prescribing in pediatrics Flashcards
<p>Most Commonly prescribed class of medication in pediatrics (4 most used)</p>
<p>Amoxicillin, azithromycin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and cefdinir</p>
<p>Beta-lactam antibiotics</p>
<p>They include: penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycins, carbapenems, monobactams, and beta-lactamase inhibitors (Letourneau, 2019).
Beta-lactam antibiotics inhibit the growth of sensitive bacteria by inactivating enzymes located in the bacterial cell membrane, halting growth by interrupting the third state of synthesis. Beta-lactam antibiotics are generally bactericidal against organisms that they inhibit.</p>
Conclude which is accurate when calculating and prescribing an antibiotic dose for a pediatric patient presenting with an otitis media.
The weight must be converted from pounds to kilograms.
Most antibiotics are effective against otitis media.
The medication can be stopped once the patient no longer has a fever.
The pediatric dose is the same as the adult dose.
The weight must be converted from pounds to kilograms.
A mother is concerned that her child did not receive antibiotics for his upper respiratory infection. Predict an appropriate response.
Because antibiotic overuse is not a problem in the United States, you should prescribe them for the patient.
Prescribe a dose of antibiotics based on the parent’s input.
Antibiotics are not effective for viral infections.
Explain to the mother that starting antibiotics can prevent future infections.
Antibiotics are not effective for viral infections.
The nurse practitioner is discussing medication compliance with a parent. Establish a common cause of noncompliance in pediatrics.
Detailed education on medication
Educating the patient regarding medication administration
The number of doses scheduled in a day
Scheduling fewer doses per day
The number of doses scheduled in a day
The nurse practitioner is educating a group of students regarding metabolism and elimination in pharmacokinetics. Determine the statement that reflects a need for further education.
The child’s kidney matures with age.
The CYP450 system is critical to drug absorption.
The most important system for drug metabolism is the CYP450 system.
The glomerular filtration rate is low at birth.
The CYP450 system is critical to drug absorption.
Recommend a method to improve patient medication compliance.
Tell the child that it is candy.
Wake the child for doses.
Schedule medication during hours when the child is awake.
Increase the number of doses per day.
Schedule medication during hours when the child is awake.
The nurse practitioner is evaluating treatment of a pediatric patient who presents with allergy symptoms. Propose an accurate statement.
Oral decongestants may cause agitation and insomnia.
The use of oral decongestants is recommended in children for upper respiratory illnesses.
High-dose amoxicillin is indicated for treatment of allergies.
Septal perforation is common in patients who use intranasal corticosteroid sprays.
Oral decongestants may cause agitation and insomnia.
Propose an accurate statement regarding sulfonamides.
They are useful in the treatment of urinary tract infections.
They are widely used in the Unites States.
Resistance to sulfonamides has declined.
They are effective in treating most acute infections.
They are useful in the treatment of urinary tract infections.
Propose what a systematic approach is based on when prescribing medications in pediatrics.
The likely pathogen
Leftover medication that is in the home and available for use
A distant relative’s history of environmental allergies
The mother’s Internet search
The likely pathogen
Recommend a method to improve patient medication compliance.
Increase the number of doses per day.
Add flavoring to medication if possible.
Avoid providing details regarding medication to the parent.
Wake the child for doses.
Add flavoring to medication if possible.
Determine what prescriptive decisions must be taken into account when prescribing in pediatrics.
Mother’s age
The cousin’s history of noncompliance
Patient’s age
Recommendations from social media
Patient’s age
The nurse practitioner student is prescribing an antibiotic for a 6-year-old who was recently diagnosed with an ear infection. Conclude which statement indicates a need for further education.
Prescribed medications are based on patient age.
Children and adults respond similarly to medications.
A history of adverse reactions must be obtained.
Children and adults respond similarly to medications.
The nurse practitioner is educating a group of students on pediatric medication administration. Propose an aspect of pharmacokinetics.
Dispensing
Metabolism
Digestion
Assimilation
Metabolism
The nurse practitioner is discussing medication compliance with a parent. Establish a common cause of noncompliance in pediatrics.
Detailed education on medication
Scheduling fewer doses per day
Parental engagement when prescribing
Lack of parental education
Lack of parental education
The nurse practitioner is prescribing antihistamines to a 15-year-old for allergy symptoms. Propose a first-generation antihistamine.
Cetirizine
Benadryl
Desloratadine
Fexofenadine
Benadryl
A mother is concerned that her child did not receive antibiotics for his upper respiratory infection. Predict an appropriate response.
Explain that the antibiotics would not be effective because the child has a viral infection.
Prescribe a dose of antibiotics based on the parent’s input.
Explain to the mother that starting antibiotics can prevent future infections.
Because antibiotic overuse is not a problem in the United States, you should prescribe them for the patient.
Explain that the antibiotics would not be effective because the child has a viral infection.
Propose an accurate statement regarding sulfonamides.
They are effective in treating most acute infections.
Resistance to TMP-SMX is more prevalent.
Resistance to sulfonamides has declined.
They are widely used in the Unites States.
Resistance to TMP-SMX is more prevalent.
Conclude which is accurate when calculating and prescribing an antibiotic dose for a pediatric patient presenting with an otitis media.
The pediatric prescribed dose should never exceed the adult dose.
The medication can be stopped once the patient no longer has a fever.
Extra antibiotics can be saved and reused as needed.
Most antibiotics are effective against otitis media.
The pediatric prescribed dose should never exceed the adult dose.
Recommend a method to decrease the risk of adverse drug reactions.
Utilize approved interpreters when language barriers exist.
Prescribe multiple medications to ensure compliance.
Encourage the off-label use of medications.
Allow the parents to assist in writing medication orders.
Utilize approved interpreters when language barriers exist.
A 10-year-old is being treated for otitis media. Recommend an appropriate beta-lactam antibiotic.
Vancomycin
Amoxicillin-clavulanate
Erythromycin
Azithromycin
Amoxicillin-clavulanate
