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Pediatrics > disorders of the GI system > Flashcards

disorders of the GI system Flashcards

1
Q

Establish a suspected cause of constipation in a child.

Anal fistula

Fear of using the toilet

Anger

Parent divorce

A

Fear of using the toilet

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2
Q

Identify a symptom of celiac disease.

Borborygmus

Left lower quadrant pain

Constipation

Low-grade fever

A

Borborygmus

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3
Q

Determine why surgery should be considered in the treatment of ulcerative colitis if the child’s colon is diseased.

Gangrenous nodosum

Villous atrophy

Hypercoagulable state

Debilitating illness

A

Debilitating illness

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4
Q

What is a nongastrointestinal symptom that a 16-year-old patient diagnosed with celiac disease may have?

Body aches

Muscle pain

Acromegaly

Iron deficiency anemia

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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5
Q

Identify a symptom of encopresis.

Small, pellet-like stool

Diarrhea

Excessive stooling

Leakage of stool that stains undergarments

A

Leakage of stool that stains undergarments

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6
Q

Determine a possible cause of Crohn’s disease.

Intestinal strictures

Immune-triggered inflammation

Pyoderma gangrenosum

Dehydration

A

Immune-triggered inflammation

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7
Q

Thirteen-year-old Tommy is complaining of abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant and has a low-grade fever. Identify another symptom that leads the clinician to believe that Tommy has acute appendicitis.

Hematuria

Excessive flatulence

Black tarry stool

Constipation

A

Constipation

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8
Q

How does the appendiceal lumen become blocked in appendicitis?

Blockage is a sequella of viral gastroenteritis.

Constipation can cause blockage.

Swimming in a public pool can lead to infection that causes blockage.

Blockage results from lymphoid hyperplasia.

A

Blockage results from lymphoid hyperplasia.

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9
Q

Predict how the clinician makes a decision relative to the treatment of ulcerative colitis in a child.

The extent of the disease should be determined.

The child’s appearance should be factored into the decision.

Privacy should be observed.

The family’s needs should be established.

A

The extent of the disease should be determined.

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10
Q

Identify a disease that is considered an inflammatory bowel disease.

Aphthous ulcer

Crohn’s disease

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

Colon cancer

A

Crohn’s disease

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11
Q

What is a nongastrointestinal symptom that a 16-year-old patient diagnosed with celiac disease may have?

Muscle pain

Fulminant hepatitis

Acromegaly

Short stature

A

Short stature

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12
Q

Identify a symptom of celiac disease.

Constipation

Fatigue

Left lower quadrant pain

Increased pain with movement

A

Fatigue

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13
Q

Establish a suspected cause of constipation in a child.

Anal fistula

Poor self-image

Painful stools

Anger

A

Painful stools

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14
Q

Identify a symptom of encopresis.

Diarrhea

Bloody stool

Lack of appetite

Small, pellet-like stool

A

Lack of appetite

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15
Q

Your patient presents with right lower quadrant abdominal pain, joint pain, nausea, vomiting, and bloody diarrhea. Recommend a lab test to be ordered to establish a diagnosis.

Full chemistry panel

Albumin level

Polymerase chain reaction

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

A

Albumin level

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16
Q

Identify a characteristic that is common to both irritable bowel syndrome and irritable bowel disease.

Both cause small bowel obstruction.

Both produce bloody stool.

Both processes have a psychological component.

Both produce urgent bowel movements.

A

Both produce urgent bowel movements.

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17
Q

Determine a problem that is related to ulcerative colitis that distinguishes this condition from Crohn’s disease.

Joint pain

Peritonitis

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Hiatal hernia

A

Joint pain

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18
Q

Thirteen-year-old Tommy is complaining of abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant and has a low-grade fever. Identify another symptom that leads the clinician to believe that Tommy has acute appendicitis.

Body aches

Hematuria

Excessive flatulence

Abdominal swelling

A

Abdominal swelling

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19
Q

Identify one of the more common symptoms of GERD in an infant.

Fatigue

Recurrent vomiting

Excessive flatulence

Chronic constipation

A

Recurrent vomiting

20
Q

In treating a pinworm infection, determine what medication actually starves the parasite.

Piperazine

Pyrantel pamoate

Vermox

Combantrin

A

Vermox

21
Q

Establish a condition that increases the risk of intussusception.

Altered bowel motility

Genetically female

GER

Pyloric stenosis

A

Altered bowel motility

22
Q

How is pyloric stenosis treated?

Intravenous fluids are used to correct electrolyte imbalances.

Dante’s procedure can be done.

Manual reduction can be performed.

Ammannaya’s technique can be implemented.

A

Intravenous fluids are used to correct electrolyte imbalances.

23
Q

Propose a symptom of pyloric stenosis in a young child.

Retrosternal pain

Belching

Excessive flatulence

Abdominal pain

A

Belching

24
Q

Identify a symptom of Hirschsprung’s disease.

Oliguria

Volvulus

Restlessness

Flatulence

A

Flatulence

25
Q

Recommend how a family can best prevent pinworm infection in the household.

Keep one’s possessions separate from the rest.

Take hot showers daily.

Practice social distancing.

Practice universal precautions.

A

Practice universal precautions.

26
Q

Determine a risk factor for developing GERD in a child.

Down syndrome

Having a sibling with GER

Drinking caffeine

Flatulence

A

Drinking caffeine

27
Q

Propose a symptom of pyloric stenosis in a young child.

Retrosternal pain

Diarrhea

Severe vomiting

Excessive flatulence

A

Severe vomiting

28
Q

Identify one of the more common symptoms of GERD in an infant.

Fatigue

Excessive belching

Gagging with feeding

Excessive flatulence

A

Gagging with feeding

29
Q

Kylee is an 8-year-old who has skin tears in the perineum. She is constantly itching and has been very irritable over the last couple of weeks. Determine a symptom that Kylee might be displaying that would help to confirm a diagnosis.

Failure to thrive

Increased appetite

Emotional lability

Decreased urinary output

A

Emotional lability

30
Q

Eli is a healthy appearing baby boy that was born 36 hours ago. The nurses in the nursery have noticed that Eli has not passed any stool. Establish a risk factor for what is going on with Eli.

Eli’s mom had gestational diabetes.

Eli is genetically male.

Eli’s mom drank too many colas during pregnancy.

Eli has pulmonary hypertension.

A

Eli is genetically male.

31
Q

Baby Johnny is recovering from a silo repair for gastroschisis. Identify a complication of this procedure that may require an additional surgery or medical intervention.

Renal failure

Irritability

Intestinal malrotation

Severe vomiting

A

Intestinal malrotation

32
Q

Establish a condition that increases the risk of intussusception.

Genetically female

Pyloric stenosis

Systemic infection

GER

A

Systemic infection

33
Q

What is a post-operative complication for a pull-through procedure?

Cognitive loss

Rectal bleeding

Tachypnea

Constipation

A

Constipation

34
Q

Propose a symptom of pyloric stenosis in a young child.

Epigastric fullness

Retrosternal pain

Diarrhea

Excessive flatulence

A

Epigastric fullness

35
Q

Propose a symptom of an infant with gastroschisis.

Dyspnea

Dehydration

Colic

Sepsis

A

Dehydration

36
Q

Propose when surgery should be considered in a child with a congenital hernia.

When the child is at least a month old.

When there is burning in the upper chest.

When there is intestinal obstruction.

When an infant is unable to feed.

A

When there is intestinal obstruction.

37
Q

Establish a condition that increases the risk of intussusception.

Down syndrome

Altered bowel motility

GER

Genetically female

A

Altered bowel motility

38
Q

Identify one of the more common symptoms of GERD in an infant.

Fatigue

Chronic constipation

Persistent wheezing

Excessive flatulence

A

Persistent wheezing

39
Q

Baby Johnny is recovering from a silo repair for gastroschisis. Identify a complication of this procedure that may require an additional surgery or medical intervention.

Severe vomiting

Enuresis

Bowel necrosis

Renal failure

A

Bowel necrosis

40
Q

Today is Frankie’s first birthday and everyone in the family is excited for the party except for Frankie. He is curled up in the corner of the room crying. All of a sudden, he starts to vomit, and he seems to be getting worse. His temperature is increasing. Physical examination reveals a sausage-shaped mass in the abdomen, along with abdominal retraction in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. Predict what could occur as a result of what Frankie is experiencing.

Small bowel obstruction

Intestinal atresia

Intestinal malrotation

Midgut volvulus

A

Small bowel obstruction

41
Q

A 6-month-old comes in for a well visit. The clinician notices that the child is in the lower percentiles for growth and appears to be very fussy. The mom reports that the baby “just doesn’t want to eat.” Provide a recommendation to help improve the baby’s overall condition.

Consider a pull through surgery.

Encourage exercise.

Hold the baby upright for 30 minutes after a feeding.

Avoid wearing tight-fitting clothes.

A

Hold the baby upright for 30 minutes after a feeding.

42
Q

Identify a symptom of intussusception.

Regurgitation

Lethargy

Flatulence

Colic

A

Lethargy

43
Q

Name a genetic comorbid condition that is associated with a higher risk for developing celiac disease.

Turner syndrome

Cystic fibrosis

Multiple sclerosis

Sickle cell anemia

A

Turner syndrome

44
Q

How does the clinician determine that a child is suffering from gastroenteritis?

The child has had excessive flatulence.

The child has had diarrhea for 5 days.

The clinician should test the child for occult blood.

The child complains of abdominal pain that worsens with movement.

A

The child has had diarrhea for 5 days.

45
Q

Determine a risk factor that increases the likelihood of encopresis in a 6-year-old boy.

Schizophrenia

Autism

Bipolar disorder

Delirium

A

Autism

Pediatrics (36 decks)

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