disorders of the GI system Flashcards
Establish a suspected cause of constipation in a child.
Anal fistula
Fear of using the toilet
Anger
Parent divorce
Fear of using the toilet
Identify a symptom of celiac disease.
Borborygmus
Left lower quadrant pain
Constipation
Low-grade fever
Borborygmus
Determine why surgery should be considered in the treatment of ulcerative colitis if the child’s colon is diseased.
Gangrenous nodosum
Villous atrophy
Hypercoagulable state
Debilitating illness
Debilitating illness
What is a nongastrointestinal symptom that a 16-year-old patient diagnosed with celiac disease may have?
Body aches
Muscle pain
Acromegaly
Iron deficiency anemia
Iron deficiency anemia
Identify a symptom of encopresis.
Small, pellet-like stool
Diarrhea
Excessive stooling
Leakage of stool that stains undergarments
Leakage of stool that stains undergarments
Determine a possible cause of Crohn’s disease.
Intestinal strictures
Immune-triggered inflammation
Pyoderma gangrenosum
Dehydration
Immune-triggered inflammation
Thirteen-year-old Tommy is complaining of abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant and has a low-grade fever. Identify another symptom that leads the clinician to believe that Tommy has acute appendicitis.
Hematuria
Excessive flatulence
Black tarry stool
Constipation
Constipation
How does the appendiceal lumen become blocked in appendicitis?
Blockage is a sequella of viral gastroenteritis.
Constipation can cause blockage.
Swimming in a public pool can lead to infection that causes blockage.
Blockage results from lymphoid hyperplasia.
Blockage results from lymphoid hyperplasia.
Predict how the clinician makes a decision relative to the treatment of ulcerative colitis in a child.
The extent of the disease should be determined.
The child’s appearance should be factored into the decision.
Privacy should be observed.
The family’s needs should be established.
The extent of the disease should be determined.
Identify a disease that is considered an inflammatory bowel disease.
Aphthous ulcer
Crohn’s disease
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
Colon cancer
Crohn’s disease
What is a nongastrointestinal symptom that a 16-year-old patient diagnosed with celiac disease may have?
Muscle pain
Fulminant hepatitis
Acromegaly
Short stature
Short stature
Identify a symptom of celiac disease.
Constipation
Fatigue
Left lower quadrant pain
Increased pain with movement
Fatigue
Establish a suspected cause of constipation in a child.
Anal fistula
Poor self-image
Painful stools
Anger
Painful stools
Identify a symptom of encopresis.
Diarrhea
Bloody stool
Lack of appetite
Small, pellet-like stool
Lack of appetite
Your patient presents with right lower quadrant abdominal pain, joint pain, nausea, vomiting, and bloody diarrhea. Recommend a lab test to be ordered to establish a diagnosis.
Full chemistry panel
Albumin level
Polymerase chain reaction
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Albumin level
Identify a characteristic that is common to both irritable bowel syndrome and irritable bowel disease.
Both cause small bowel obstruction.
Both produce bloody stool.
Both processes have a psychological component.
Both produce urgent bowel movements.
Both produce urgent bowel movements.
Determine a problem that is related to ulcerative colitis that distinguishes this condition from Crohn’s disease.
Joint pain
Peritonitis
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Hiatal hernia
Joint pain
Thirteen-year-old Tommy is complaining of abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant and has a low-grade fever. Identify another symptom that leads the clinician to believe that Tommy has acute appendicitis.
Body aches
Hematuria
Excessive flatulence
Abdominal swelling
Abdominal swelling
Identify one of the more common symptoms of GERD in an infant.
Fatigue
Recurrent vomiting
Excessive flatulence
Chronic constipation
Recurrent vomiting
In treating a pinworm infection, determine what medication actually starves the parasite.
Piperazine
Pyrantel pamoate
Vermox
Combantrin
Vermox
Establish a condition that increases the risk of intussusception.
Altered bowel motility
Genetically female
GER
Pyloric stenosis
Altered bowel motility
How is pyloric stenosis treated?
Intravenous fluids are used to correct electrolyte imbalances.
Dante’s procedure can be done.
Manual reduction can be performed.
Ammannaya’s technique can be implemented.
Intravenous fluids are used to correct electrolyte imbalances.
Propose a symptom of pyloric stenosis in a young child.
Retrosternal pain
Belching
Excessive flatulence
Abdominal pain
Belching
Identify a symptom of Hirschsprung’s disease.
Oliguria
Volvulus
Restlessness
Flatulence
Flatulence
Recommend how a family can best prevent pinworm infection in the household.
Keep one’s possessions separate from the rest.
Take hot showers daily.
Practice social distancing.
Practice universal precautions.
Practice universal precautions.
Determine a risk factor for developing GERD in a child.
Down syndrome
Having a sibling with GER
Drinking caffeine
Flatulence
Drinking caffeine
Propose a symptom of pyloric stenosis in a young child.
Retrosternal pain
Diarrhea
Severe vomiting
Excessive flatulence
Severe vomiting
Identify one of the more common symptoms of GERD in an infant.
Fatigue
Excessive belching
Gagging with feeding
Excessive flatulence
Gagging with feeding
Kylee is an 8-year-old who has skin tears in the perineum. She is constantly itching and has been very irritable over the last couple of weeks. Determine a symptom that Kylee might be displaying that would help to confirm a diagnosis.
Failure to thrive
Increased appetite
Emotional lability
Decreased urinary output
Emotional lability
Eli is a healthy appearing baby boy that was born 36 hours ago. The nurses in the nursery have noticed that Eli has not passed any stool. Establish a risk factor for what is going on with Eli.
Eli’s mom had gestational diabetes.
Eli is genetically male.
Eli’s mom drank too many colas during pregnancy.
Eli has pulmonary hypertension.
Eli is genetically male.
Baby Johnny is recovering from a silo repair for gastroschisis. Identify a complication of this procedure that may require an additional surgery or medical intervention.
Renal failure
Irritability
Intestinal malrotation
Severe vomiting
Intestinal malrotation
Establish a condition that increases the risk of intussusception.
Genetically female
Pyloric stenosis
Systemic infection
GER
Systemic infection
What is a post-operative complication for a pull-through procedure?
Cognitive loss
Rectal bleeding
Tachypnea
Constipation
Constipation
Propose a symptom of pyloric stenosis in a young child.
Epigastric fullness
Retrosternal pain
Diarrhea
Excessive flatulence
Epigastric fullness
Propose a symptom of an infant with gastroschisis.
Dyspnea
Dehydration
Colic
Sepsis
Dehydration
Propose when surgery should be considered in a child with a congenital hernia.
When the child is at least a month old.
When there is burning in the upper chest.
When there is intestinal obstruction.
When an infant is unable to feed.
When there is intestinal obstruction.
Establish a condition that increases the risk of intussusception.
Down syndrome
Altered bowel motility
GER
Genetically female
Altered bowel motility
Identify one of the more common symptoms of GERD in an infant.
Fatigue
Chronic constipation
Persistent wheezing
Excessive flatulence
Persistent wheezing
Baby Johnny is recovering from a silo repair for gastroschisis. Identify a complication of this procedure that may require an additional surgery or medical intervention.
Severe vomiting
Enuresis
Bowel necrosis
Renal failure
Bowel necrosis
Today is Frankie’s first birthday and everyone in the family is excited for the party except for Frankie. He is curled up in the corner of the room crying. All of a sudden, he starts to vomit, and he seems to be getting worse. His temperature is increasing. Physical examination reveals a sausage-shaped mass in the abdomen, along with abdominal retraction in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. Predict what could occur as a result of what Frankie is experiencing.
Small bowel obstruction
Intestinal atresia
Intestinal malrotation
Midgut volvulus
Small bowel obstruction
A 6-month-old comes in for a well visit. The clinician notices that the child is in the lower percentiles for growth and appears to be very fussy. The mom reports that the baby “just doesn’t want to eat.” Provide a recommendation to help improve the baby’s overall condition.
Consider a pull through surgery.
Encourage exercise.
Hold the baby upright for 30 minutes after a feeding.
Avoid wearing tight-fitting clothes.
Hold the baby upright for 30 minutes after a feeding.
Identify a symptom of intussusception.
Regurgitation
Lethargy
Flatulence
Colic
Lethargy
Name a genetic comorbid condition that is associated with a higher risk for developing celiac disease.
Turner syndrome
Cystic fibrosis
Multiple sclerosis
Sickle cell anemia
Turner syndrome
How does the clinician determine that a child is suffering from gastroenteritis?
The child has had excessive flatulence.
The child has had diarrhea for 5 days.
The clinician should test the child for occult blood.
The child complains of abdominal pain that worsens with movement.
The child has had diarrhea for 5 days.
Determine a risk factor that increases the likelihood of encopresis in a 6-year-old boy.
Schizophrenia
Autism
Bipolar disorder
Delirium
Autism
