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Pediatrics > Disorders of the ear > Flashcards

Disorders of the ear Flashcards

1
Q

Establish which is associated with hearing loss in pediatric patients.

Hearing loss is marked by the inability to either detect or perceive sound.

Hearing loss experienced by pediatric patients is primarily permanent.

Conductive hearing loss is caused by damage to the inner ear.

Many children develop permanent hearing loss related to middle ear infections.

A

Hearing loss is marked by the inability to either detect or perceive sound.

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2
Q

When educating a group of nurses on hearing loss, the nurse practitioner identifies what common pathological condition that affects the ear?

Craniostenosis

Strabismus

Vertigo

Hyphema

A

Vertigo

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3
Q

Predict which patient is at an increased risk of developing otitis media.

A 12-year-old in winter climate

A 6-month-old with upper respiratory infection

A 9-month-old with lactose intolerance

A 10-year-old who has been swimming in a pond

A

A 6-month-old with upper respiratory infection

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4
Q

A nurse practitioner is discussing treatment options for a child presenting with otitis media with effusion (OME). Determine the method that is accurate.

Antihistamines and steroids are recommended for patients presenting with pain.

Otitis media with effusion is a spontaneously resolving condition.

Tympanostomy tubes are indicated for cases of OME lasting more than 1 month.

A 10-day course of amoxicillin is the recommended treatment.

A

Otitis media with effusion is a spontaneously resolving condition.

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5
Q

A nurse practitioner is educating a group of students on patients presenting with acute otitis media. Establish which statement is accurate regarding AOM.

Acute otitis media is most often diagnosed in the winter months.

Topical antibiotics are recommended for patients presenting with acute otitis media.

Acute otitis media is commonly identified as swimmer’s ear.

Acute otitis media is the accumulation of serous fluid in the middle ear without acute inflammation.

A

Acute otitis media is most often diagnosed in the winter months.

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6
Q

Determine which factor is accurate when evaluating hearing loss in a pediatric patient.

Speech and language delays secondary to hearing loss are not preventable.

Family history is not a factor when evaluating hearing loss.

Hearing loss may be congenital and discovered in infancy or acquired in later life

Early identification of hearing disorders does not impact cognitive development.

A

Hearing loss may be congenital and discovered in infancy or acquired in later life

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7
Q

When evaluating a patient with otitis media with effusion (OME), predict an indication for tympanostomy tube placement.

Decreased mobility on pneumatic otoscopy

Ossicular erosion

Hearing loss greater than 10 dB

Foreign body in the ear

A

Ossicular erosion

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8
Q

A nurse practitioner educated a mother on the management of her toddler who presents with acute otitis media. Determine which statement from the mother reflects a need for further education.

He may have an upper respiratory infection with his ear infection.

I should go to the emergency room immediately if he has a fever.

Irritability and tugging on his ear are symptoms of an ear infection.

Oral antibiotics are typically prescribed.

A

I should go to the emergency room immediately if he has a fever.

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9
Q

A nurse practitioner is educating a group of students on patients presenting with acute otitis media. Establish which statement is accurate regarding AOM.

Altered visual acuity is a common finding in patients with acute otitis media.

Topical antibiotics are recommended for patients presenting with acute otitis media.

Acute otitis media is commonly identified as swimmer’s ear.

Acute otitis media is a common acute infection of the middle ear space.

A

Acute otitis media is a common acute infection of the middle ear space.

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10
Q

A nurse practitioner is educating students on cerumen and the treatment of cerumen impaction in children. Propose an accurate statement that reflects an understanding of cerumen impaction.

Hearing loss associated with cerumen impaction may impact cognitive function.

A buildup of earwax is considered a sign of uncleanliness.

Cerumen impaction is usually associated with severe hearing loss.

Most patients with cerumen impaction experience pain.

A

Hearing loss associated with cerumen impaction may impact cognitive function.

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11
Q

A 15-month-old failed treatment with amoxicillin for otitis media. At his 2-week recheck, his tympanic membrane remained red with distorted landmarks, he has a fever of 101°F, and he has nasal congestion for the past 2 days. Recommend the next best step in treatment.

Ceftriaxone, two doses, 48 hours apart

A 3-week course of Omnicef

A higher dose of amoxicillin and topical antibiotics

Azithromax for 5 days

A

Ceftriaxone, two doses, 48 hours apart

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12
Q

A 10-year-old has ear pain and does not want anyone to touch his ear. The canal is edematous, and exudate is present. The tympanic membrane cannot be visualized. Recommend how this patient should be managed.

Oral ciprofloxacin

Topical fluoroquinolone

Topical neomycin

Aminoglycoside antibiotic

A

Topical fluoroquinolone

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13
Q

A nurse practitioner is educating a group of nursing students about cerumen in pediatric patients. Propose an accurate statement.

Hearing aids and earplugs contribute to cerumen impaction.

Parents are encouraged to use hook-tipped applicators to remove cerumen.

Cotton-tipped swabs are effective in removing cerumen.

Cerumen is considered dirty and should be removed regularly.

A

Hearing aids and earplugs contribute to cerumen impaction.

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14
Q

Determine which factor is accurate when evaluating hearing loss in a pediatric patient.

An expanded history to identify the cause of hearing problems is needed.

Speech and language delays secondary to hearing loss are not preventable.

Early identification of hearing disorders does not impact cognitive development.

All children with hearing disorders experience speech and communication delays.

A

An expanded history to identify the cause of hearing problems is needed.

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15
Q

Establish which is associated with hearing loss in pediatric patients.

Hearing loss experienced by pediatric patients is primarily permanent.

Impacted cerumen is associated with sensorineural hearing loss.

Conductive hearing loss is caused by damage to the inner ear.

Conductive hearing loss is associated with problems of the middle ear.

A

Conductive hearing loss is associated with problems of the middle ear.

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16
Q

A group of students is being educated on otitis media with effusion (OME). Determine what the nurse practitioner would identify as accurate.

Acute pain is a common characteristic of OME.

The primary management option for OME is watchful waiting.

Children born premature are at risk for OME.

People with OME typically present with a fever.

A

The primary management option for OME is watchful waiting.

17
Q

A nurse practitioner is discussing treatment options for a child presenting with otitis media with effusion (OME). Determine the method that is accurate.

Referral to an otologist is recommended for all pediatric cases of OME.

Tympanostomy tubes are indicated for cases of OME lasting more than 1 month.

Watchful waiting is a primary treatment option.

Antihistamines and steroids are recommended for patients presenting with pain.

A

Watchful waiting is a primary treatment option.

18
Q

Predict which patient is consistent with a diagnosis of OME.

A 10-year-old with tragal tenderness and ear drainage

A 24-month-old with a history of ear canal inflammation, drainage, and a fever of 101.2 °F

A 5-year-old with a history of a foreign body to the right ear and a foul odor

An afebrile 6-year-old with an intact tympanic membrane and fluid in the middle ear

A

An afebrile 6-year-old with an intact tympanic membrane and fluid in the middle ear

19
Q

When educating a group of students on Ménière’s disease, establish what the nurse practitioner identifies as an accurate statement.

Ménière’sdisease in adults is most often associated with congenital malformations of the inner ear.

Ménière’s disease typically presents with nausea and diarrhea.

Ménière’s disease is a common pediatric disorder.

The hearing loss associated with Ménière’s disease is usually progressive.

A

The hearing loss associated with Ménière’s disease is usually progressive.

20
Q

Propose a sign or symptom that is associated with a 12-month-old infant presenting with hearing loss.

Crying incessantly to noise

Failure to develop intellectual speech

Failure to be awakened by a loud sound

Markedly inattentive by 4 months

A

Failure to be awakened by a loud sound

21
Q

Propose a symptom that is consistent with a patient presenting with Ménière’s disease.

Diplopia

Photophobia

Vertigo lasting 20 minutes

Headache

A

Vertigo lasting 20 minutes

22
Q

The nurse is educating a parent on pressure equalizing tubes (PETs). Establish a statement from the parent that reflects a need for further education.

The tubes will help reduce fluid behind the tympanic membrane.

We may not need fitted earplugs for bathing.

We may need antibiotics if drainage occurs from the tubes.

PETs may cause my son to have more frequent infections.

A

PETs may cause my son to have more frequent infections.

23
Q

Propose an accurate statement when evaluating and treating a patient for Ménière’s disease.

Diet alterations are recommended.

Steroidal treatment may lead to permanent hearing loss.

Adenovirus is the most common cause.

The cure for Ménière’s disease integrates biologics and therapy.

A

Diet alterations are recommended.

24
Q

Determine an accurate statement for when evaluating a patient for a foreign body.

Foreign bodies closest to the tympanic membrane are the easiest to remove.

Vegetable matter can be irrigated for removal from the ear canal.

Toddlers are typically cooperative during a foreign body removal.

Many foreign bodies within the ear canal can be removed by the provider.

A

Many foreign bodies within the ear canal can be removed by the provider.

25
Q

When educating a group of students on hearing loss, predict what the nurse practitioner identifies as a source of conductive hearing loss.

Inappropriate hearing aids

Loud music

Otitis media with effusion

Headsets

A

Otitis media with effusion

26
Q

The nurse is educating a parent on pressure equalizing tubes (PETs). Establish a statement from the parent that reflects a need for further education.

We may need antibiotics if drainage occurs from the tubes.

Drainage from the tubes is considered normal.

He was a candidate for tubes based on his numerous ear infections.

The tubes will help reduce fluid behind the tympanic membrane.

A

Drainage from the tubes is considered normal.

27
Q

The nurse practitioner is educating a group of students on strategies for recognition and prevention of hearing loss in pediatric patients. Determine what statement is accurate.

Avoid repeated exposure to loud noises.

Refer all patients who present with an ear infection.

Treat with prophylactic antibiotics to prevent otitis media.

Wear ear plugs to avoid otitis externa.

A

Avoid repeated exposure to loud noises.

28
Q

A mother is concerned regarding her child’s upcoming procedure to place pressure equalizing tubes. Predict a risk that is associated with the placement of pressure equalizing tubes.

Tubes falling out

Hyperopia

Orthokeratology

Temporal sclerosis

A

Tubes falling out

29
Q

When educating a group of students on Ménière’s disease, establish what the nurse practitioner identifies as an accurate statement.

Ménière’s disease typically presents with nausea and diarrhea.

Ménière’s disease is a common pediatric disorder.

Ménière’sdisease in adults is most often associated with congenital malformations of the inner ear.

The hearing loss associated with Ménière’s disease can become permanent.

A

The hearing loss associated with Ménière’s disease can become permanent.

30
Q

A pediatric patient is being evaluated for a foreign body in the ear canal. Propose a common symptom for a patient presenting with a foreign body.

Severe ear pain

Upper respiratory symptoms

Severe headache

History of something flying into the ear

A

History of something flying into the ear

31
Q

The nurse practitioner is evaluating a patient for pressure equalizer tubes. Conclude what ear tube placement often results in.

Long-term hearing loss

Reduced risk of infections

Balance problems

Yellow or brown drainage from the tubes

A

Reduced risk of infections

32
Q

Predict what patient needs immediate referral upon completion of a pediatric patient assessment.

A 5-year-old boy with a battery in his left ear

A patient presenting with drainage from the ear

A 10-year-old patient presenting to the clinic for decreased hearing

A 15-year-old patient who complains of discomfort after swimming in the lake

A

A 5-year-old boy with a battery in his left ear

33
Q

The nurse practitioner is educating the family on foreign bodies in the external canal. Propose a common finding when evaluating for foreign bodies.

Paper

Mucous

Pencils

Otosclerosis

A

Paper

34
Q

When educating a group of students on hearing loss, predict what the nurse practitioner identifies as a source of conductive hearing loss.

Perforated tympanic membrane

Ototoxic drug response

Inappropriate hearing aids

Loud music

A

Perforated tympanic membrane

35
Q

Establish a cause of Ménière’s disease.

Repeated acute otitis media episodes

Autoimmune disorders

Trauma

Physical abuse in pediatric cases

A

Autoimmune disorders

36
Q

A pediatric patient presents to the clinic for evaluation of chronic ear infections. Predict a problem that may be experienced if left untreated.

Restored hearing

Speech developmental issues

Foreign body buildup

Reduced risk of infections

A

Speech developmental issues

37
Q

Propose a sign or symptom that is associated with a 12-month-old infant presenting with hearing loss.

General indifference to sound

Markedly inattentive by 4 months

Crying incessantly to noise

Failure to develop intellectual speech

A

General indifference to sound

Pediatrics (36 decks)

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