Pregnancy and Lactation Flashcards
The sum of the processes involved with the intake of nutrients as well as assimilating and using them to maintain body tissue and provide energy; a foundation for life and health.
Nutrition
Stages of life from womb to tomb. It refers to as the full process of human development from conception to death.
Lifespan
Recommended Weight Gain
All throughout Pregnancy:
11.2 to 15.9 kg (25 to 35 lb)
Weight gain First Trimester:
1 to 2 Kg (2 to 4 lb
Weight gain is rapid in the
2nd trimester
A total of __________ caloric intake is recommended to meet the needs of pregnancy
2500
Protein needs daily for pregnant women is __g daily
60
___g of food protein is required to produce 1 g of milk protein
2
protein sources that contain all nine amino acids
Complete protein
protein found in non-animal sources does not contain all amino acids
Incomplete protein
when cooked together provide all amino acids.
Complementary proteins
The only essential fatty acid necessary for new cell growth and cannot be manufactured in the body is
linoleic acid.
good source of linoleic acid.
vegetable oil
The recommended amount of calcium during pregnancy is
1200mg to 1500mg
Tooth formation begins as early as ___ weeks in the utero and bones begin to calcify at __ weeks.
8 ; 12
To supply adequate calcium and phosphorus for bone formation, pregnant women needs to take foods high in
calcium and vitamin D.
Essential for the formation of thyroxine for the proper functioning of thyroid gland.
Iodine
best source of iodine
seafoods
recommended iodine intake
175μg daily
Needed to build high level of hemoglobin
Iron
Term fetus has Hgb level of ___________ g per 100 ml of blood, a level necessary to oxygenate the blood during intrauterine life
17 to 21
Iron
The recommended intake is __mg daily
30
Aids in the formation of teeth.
Fluoride
Fluoride
The daily recommended intake is __mg.
3
Sources of flouride
spinach, potatoes, grapes, etc
Major electrolyte that maintains fluid in the body.
Sodium
Necessary for the synthesis of Deoxyribonucleic acid and Ribonucleic acid.
Zinc
Zinc recommended intake
15 mg
good source of zinc
meat, liver, eggs and seafood
water intake
8 to 12 cups/day
combined iron and folic acid deficiency
Macrocytic anemia
Common Health Problems
Nausea and Vomiting
Cravings
Constipation
Heartburn
Nausea disappears at __________ month of pregnancy
fourth
abnormal craving for nonfood substances.
PICA
is the production of breast milk in woman’s body after childbirth.
Lactation
is an unequalled way of providing ideal food for the healthy growth and development of infants.
Breastfeeding
The increased calorie recommendation are ___ kcal/day during the first 6 months and ___ kcal/day during the second 6 months of lactation.
330; 400
The increased calorie recommendation for protein is 25 g/day more than women’s average need of 46 g/day for a total of ___ g/day.
71
Because milk is fluid, mothers need ample fluids for adequate milk production. It should be approximately __L/day.
3
Food that can increase milk production includes:
Malunggay Papaya
Spinach Carrots
Asparagus Nuts
Sweet potato Salmon
Coconut Water
Juices
