PPt.5: Terrestrial Biomes Unit 1

Question 1

Distribution of major ecological communities is determined by _____ + _____

Answer 1

Temperature and Precipitation

Question 2

1) Differences in the amount of solar radiation falling on earth’s surface
2) The earth’s daily rotation on its axis and yearly revolution around the sun
3) The distribution of the earth’s continents and oceans
4) The elevation of land mass
- These all determine _____

Answer 2

Climate

Question 3

The earth is a giant solar-powered heat machine, and the energy required by living organisms comes in almost all cases directly or indirectly from the sun

Answer 3

Solar Radiation

Question 4

The earth orbits around the sun while revolving on its own axis

Answer 4

Earth’s Rotation

Question 5

4 Influences of local habitat types

Answer 5

1) Soil Differences
2) Sunlight
3) Wind
4) Disturbances

Question 6

Short-term fluctuations in temperature, humidity, cloud cover, wind and precipitation

Answer 6

Weather

Question 7

Refers to the overall patterns of weather that prevail in a region over a year

Answer 7

Climate

Question 8

This picks up moisture from the oceans and seas, carrying it to land

Answer 8

Winds

Question 9

Encircling the top of the world is a region of cold and dry conditions

Answer 9

Tundra

Question 10

Develops on tops of tall mountains

Answer 10

Alpine Tundra

Question 11

Underneath surface is a layer of permafrost

Answer 11

Arctic Tundra

Question 12

Dominated by continuous stands of cone-bearing evergreen trees

Answer 12

Coniferous Forest

Question 13

Forest belt in the Northern Hemisphere

Answer 13

Boreal or Taiga

Question 14

South of Canada forest

Answer 14

Montane Coniferous forest

Question 15

Pacific Coast from Alaska to Northern California has tallest trees that are valued for timber

Answer 15

Temperate Rainforest

Question 16

Develops in areas with extreme fluctuations in daily and seasonal temperatures

Answer 16

Temperate Deciduous Forest

Question 17

Rain Forests in areas with warm, constant temperatures and year-round heavy rainfall

• Amazon Basin in SA
• Tall trees with large canopies

Answer 17

Tropical Forests

Question 18

Interiors of continents, moist air from sea is blocked by mountains

Answer 18

Grasslands

Question 19

Grasslands with varying degree of tree and shrub cover growing in soils low in nutrients and moisture

Answer 19

Savanna and Tropical Shrub Forest

Question 20

Tough, small, broad-leaf shrubs and trees with heavily waxed leaves

Answer 20

Chapparal

Question 21

Mild, rainy winter and long hot summers

Answer 21

Mediterranean Climate

Question 22

Characterized by low rainfall, high evaporation and wide fluctuations in temperature

• high pressure areas
• 30 degrees N and S latitudes

Answer 22

Deserts

Question 23

Down wind side of mountains

Answer 23

Rain Shadow Deserts

Question 24

Composed of lichens, algae, bacteria and fungi and other organisms

• forms a carpet of photosynthetic life
• damaged by human activity

Answer 24

Biological Crust