PPt. 21: Biotechnology

Question 1

Any use or alterations of organisms, cells or biological molecules to achieve specific practical goals

Answer 1

Biotechnology

Question 2

Cells or organisms may have had genes deleted, added or changed

Answer 2

Genetically engineered

Question 3

Used to learn more about how cells and genes work, develop better treatments for diseases, produce valuable biological molecules, and to improve plants and animals for human consumption

Answer 3

Genetic engineering

Question 4

Involves the use of DNA that has been altered to contain genes or portions of genes from different organisms

Answer 4

Recombinant DNA technology

Question 5

Plants or animals that express the DNA, genetically modified organisms (GMO’s)

Answer 5

Transgenic

Question 6

Used in forensic science and with the diagnosis of inherited genetic disorders

Answer 6

DNA manipulation

Question 7

DNA is picked up in the environment by bacteria

Answer 7

Transformation

Question 8

Tiny circular DNA molecules

Answer 8

Plasmids

Question 9

Consist of DNA or RNA encased in a protein coat, transfer their genetic material to the host cells they infect

Answer 9

Viruses

Question 10

Virus inserts own DNA into a host cell’s chromosome, where it remains for months or even years

Answer 10

Transfer genes

Question 11

A technique that can produce virtually unlimited amounts of selected pieces of DNA

Answer 11

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Question 12

Exact order of primers

Answer 12

Flanking sequences

Question 13

A special heat-resistant DNA polymerase isolated from bacterium Thermus Aquaticus that lives in hot springs in Yellowstone National Park

Answer 13

Taq polymerase

Question 14

Unique to each individual, can provide incontrovertible proof of a person’s guilt or innocence in criminal matters and with identifying human remains

Answer 14

DNA fingerprints

Question 15

Goal of determining nucleotide sequence of all DNA in entire set of genes

Answer 15

Human Genome Project