PPt. 20: Molecular Genetics Unit 3

Question 1

Replication

Answer 1

DNA makes DNA

Question 2

Transcription

Answer 2

DNA makes RNA

Question 3

Translation

Answer 3

RNA makes protein

Question 4

Each nucleotide contains three parts…

Answer 4

1) A five carbon sugar called deoxyribose
2) A phosphate group
3) And one of 4 possible nitrogen containing bases: adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine

Question 5

Upstream

Answer 5

Towards the 5’-end

Question 6

Downstream

Answer 6

Towards the 3’-end

Question 7

DNA polymerase that assembles new strands only attaches new nucleotides to the 3’-hydroxyl (-OH) group via a _______ ____.
Linkage between the 3’ and 5’ carbon atom of another

Answer 7

Phosphodiester bond

Question 8

Complementary base pairs are __ and __

A,G,C,T

Answer 8

A-T and C-G

Question 9

DNA replication begins when these enzymes pull apart the DNA double helix so that the bases of the two DNA parental strands no longer form base pairs with one another.

Answer 9

Helicases

Question 10

A strand of nucleic acid that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis
-required for DNA replication

Answer 10

Primers

Question 11

Bind to either single-stranded or double-stranded DNA and cut the phosphate backbone of the DNA

Answer 11

Topoismerases

Question 12

Fatal, inherited, central nervous system that occurs mostly in people of Jewish decent from Central and Eastern Europe

Answer 12

Tay-Sachs disease

Question 13

Genetic disorder resulting from a point mutation of a gene necessary for the production of an enzyme that breaks down amino acids, phenylalanine

Answer 13

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Question 14

Genetic disorder affecting respiratory and digestive systems, 50% die by age 20

Answer 14

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 15

Involves making a section of mRNA called an RNA transcript using a complementary section on the DNA molecule as a template for the synthesis of this RNA molecule.

Answer 15

Transcription